Thyroid Gland and Parathyroid Glands By: Christina Sim, Gabby Vega, Jae Choi, Rachel Okrainsky, Kassia Isoke Period: 2

Where is the Thyroid Gland? Located in the front of the neck

Hormones Associated with the Thyroid Gland Thyroid Hormone: Role/Function: Help regulate growth and the rate of chemical reactions (metabolism) Calcitonin: a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that lowers blood calcium Role/Function: Lowers the concentration of calcium in the blood when it rises above normal value—this is done by inhibiting the osteoclasts in bone tissue

Explanation of the specific function of the thyroid hormone: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCpjv8YcUow Explanation of the specific function of calcitonin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsM5-PV_ObQ

Parathyroid Gland: Location Parathyroid glands are small glands of the endocrine system which are located in the neck behind the thyroid. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Calcium_regulation.png/250px-Calcium_regulation.png&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone&h=284&w=250&tbnid=1_eChUsFGbYGwM:&zoom=1&q=parathyroid+hormone&docid=1BFTfL8rY55a2M&ei=84EBVffKBtDjsATYmoGYCA&tbm=isch&ved=0CCcQMygKMAo&surl=1&safe=active

Hormones The parathyroid gland produces a hormone called the parathyroid hormone The parathyroid hormone regulates the calcium levels in the body largely by increasing levels when they are too low. It does this trough the kidneys, bones and intestines VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmXHhsPwGP0 http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yourhormones.info%2Fhormones%2Fparathyroid_hormone.aspx&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFwLzqwtiFtasqNL1ivuzQ0LO-8GQ

Diseases Associated with the Thyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Thyroid Cancer: Occurs in the cells of the thyroid Cause: Unknown Symptoms: A lump or swelling in your neck Pain in your neck and sometimes in your ears Difficulty breathing or constant wheezing Hoarseness that is not related to a cold A cough that continues and is not related to a cold https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJEANhRXpMI http://www.webmd.com/cancer/tc/thyroid-cancer-symptoms

Primary hyperparathyroidism The blood level is high due to increased and unregulated parathyroid hormone secretion Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor in one of the parathyroid glands http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yourhormones.info%2Fhormones%2Fparathyroid_hormone.aspx&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFwLzqwtiFtasqNL1ivuzQ0LO-8GQ

Concept Check Questions Where is the thyroid and parathyroid located? In front of the back of the neck What is the function of calcitonin? To lower blood calcium How does the parathyroid hormone regulate calcium levels? Increasing levels when they are too low, through the kidneys, bones, and intestines

Fun Facts More than 27 million Americans have some sort of thyroid disease. About 13 million have no idea they suffer from a thyroid imbalance Stress is a major factor that adversely affects the thyroid The success rate and complication rate for parathyroid surgery is VERY dependent upon the surgeons experience Parathyroid disease is a lethal disease but just like high cholesterol and high blood pressure it takes 25 years before it takes effect http://blog.wellnessfx.com/2013/04/12/20-important-facts-to-know-about-the-thyroid/​

Bibliography Google. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yourhormones.info%2Fhormones%2Fparathyroid_hormone.aspx&sa=D&s ntz=1&usg=AFQjCNFwLzqwtiFtasqNL1ivuzQ0LO-8GQ>. Location of Gland. N.d. Google. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Calcium_regulation.png /250px- Calcium_regulation.png&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone&h=284&w=250&tbnid=1_eChUsFGbYGw M:&zoom=1&q=parathyroid+hormone&docid=1BFTfL8rY55a2M&ei=84EBVffKBtDjsATYmoGYCA&tbm=isch&ved=0CCcQMygKMA o&surl=1&safe=active>. Overview of Thyroid. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmXHhsPwGP0? >. Physiology, Brian R. Anatomy & Physiology. N.p.: Janice Johnson, 2007. Print. The 10 Parathyroid Rules of Norman. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://parathyroid.com/10_parathyroid_rules.htm>. Thyroid. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJEANhRXpMI>. Thyroid Gland. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCpjv8YcUow>. Thyroid Gland. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsM5-PV_ObQ>. WebMd. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.webmd.com/cancer/tc/thyroid-cancer-symptoms>. Wellness. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://blog.wellnessfx.com/2013/04/12/20-important-facts-to-know-about-the- thyroid/?>. You & Your Hormones. N.p., 21 Jan. 2015. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. <http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/parathyro