Giving Culturally Competent Care As the United States becomes a more racially and ethnically diverse nation, so do the needs of the patient population that enters U.S. hospitals and nursing homes. As caregivers with direct contact with patients from a wide spectrum of races, ethnicities and religions, nurse aides need to be aware and respectful of the varying needs and beliefs of all of their patients. Healthcare consumers are entitled to culturally competent care

Objectives The student will learn how to provide optimal and excellent care to a large number of culturally diverse patient population. The student will learn strategies to prevent multicultural workplace conflict and promote multicultural workplace harmony The student will engage in a personal lifelong cultural competence education. The student will be able to examine their own personal beliefs and values and reflect on how this influences the stereotypes that they have about others.

DEFINING CULTURAL COMPETENCE Cultural competence in health care describes the ability of systems to provide care to patients with diverse values, beliefs and behaviors, including tailoring delivery to meet patients’ social, cultural, and linguistic needs. is a set of behaviors, attitudes, and skills that enables nurses to work effectively in cross-cultural situations

So what is cultural competence? Cultural competence is obtaining cultural information and then applying that knowledge. This cultural awareness allows you to see the entire picture and improves the quality of care and health outcomes.

Treat everyone with respect and dignity

Cultural Competency Terms Culture…..includes common values, norms, traditions, customs, art, history, religious and spiritual practices. Cultural Competence……a skill that allows individuals to increase their understanding and appreciation of cultural differences. Cultural Sensitivity…..respect for customs and cultural values different from one's own. Cultural sensitivity is seen as the first step towards cultural competency

Ethnic Group…a group of individuals with a common sense of uniqueness based on race, religion, or place of birth. Ethnocentrism…belief or attitude that one's own cultural view is the only correct and best view.

Stereotype…. a negative, oversimplified generalization used to describe a person using a group definition rather than a set of unique characteristics. Intra-personal competence …. refers to people’s ability to become aware of their beliefs and behaviors, and to use this awareness to increase their cultural competence.

Adapting to different cultural beliefs and practices requires flexibility and a respect for others view points. Cultural competence means to really listen to the patient, to find out and learn about the patient's beliefs of health and illness.

There are 4 components of cultural competence: Awareness of ones cultural view of the world Ones’ own attitude toward cultural differences Knowledge of different cultural views and practices Cross cultural skills

So how can I get cultural competency? develop a skill set that increases cultural competency at the work place. Learn ways of communicating that best allow your patient to understand the plan of care. For example, developing cultural competency skills can involve assisting non–English-speaking patients with a translator or changing the phrases and words you use when explaining care. learn to adapt to new and different situations in a flexible way.

Understanding of verbal and non- verbal communication includes knowledge and application of basic skills, such as using clear, simple language when speaking, and using active listening technique with your patients.

Strategies to Improve Active Listening Skills 1. Rephrase What Has Been Said….. Say again, in your own words, what the other person has said. This provides you an opportunity to check whether your understanding of what has been said is accurate. It also gives the speaker a chance to correct you if you have misunderstood them. 2. Echo The Speaker’s Feelings……The emotion that underlies the words is often more important than the words themselves. It is important to try to understand the strong feelings, attitudes, deeply held beliefs, and values.

3. Nonverbal Communication……There are many ways in which people can observe whether we are listening and paying attention. Through our eye movements, in our body positioning, and by any manner of physical and vocal gestures we communicate how interested we are in what and involved we are in conversations.

References Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., & Ananeh-Firempong 2nd, O. (2003). Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. Public health reports, 118(4), 293. Jeffreys, M. R. (2010). Teaching cultural competence in nursing and health care. Springer Publishing Company.