Biology 106 Connective tissue

Outline Connective tissue  Defination,Componants,and Function T.S. of dense bone Blood smear of mammal Muscular tissue

Connective tissue (CT) is a kind of biological tissue that supports, connects, or separates different types of tissues and organs of the body. It is one of the four general classes of biological tissues—the others of which are epithelial, muscular, and nervous tissues.biological tissueepithelialmuscularnervous All CT has three main components: cells, fibers, and extracellular matrices, all immersed in the body fluids.

T.S. of dense bone Bone cells (osteocyte) arranged into concentric circles (Haversian system) Other bone cells in between the circles form non-haversian system Have a network of central canals containing artery, vein and nerve.

The diagram above shows a transverse view of anosteon (Haversian system) - the basic unit ofcompact bone. The diagram above shows a longitudinal view of an osteon.

This photo shows a cross section through bone. Can you identify the primary and secondary Haversian systems, central canals and bone lamellae?

BLOOD & BLOOD FORMING TISSUES Blood is considered a connective tissue for two basic reasons: (1) embryologically, it has the same origin (mesodermal) as do the other connective tissue types and (2) blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes. In circulating blood two different cell types are found: enucleated erythrocytes or red blood cells and nucleated leukocytes or white blood cells. We will study their histology in blood smears.

Blood componant Red blood cells (RBC’s), small rounded, non- nucleated, bioconcave cells. White blood cells (WBC’s), large rounded & nucleated cells - WBC’s are two types: A) Granulocytes ( neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) B) Agranulcytes, without granules, including monocytes and lymphocytes. Platelets are fragments of cytoplasm detached from Megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. They aggregate together during the process of blood coagulation and clotting. Platelets are small (2-5 um), have no nucleus and are ovoid shaped.

Blood smear of mammal

Eosinophil Basophile

Muscular tissue Muscle tissue is one of four basic biological tissues present in animals. It is a soft tissue that composes muscles. It is formed during embryo development in a process known as myogenesis.biological tissuessoft tissuemusclesmyogenesis Muscle tissue can be described as being one of three different types: 1.Unstriated muscle fibers 2.Striated muscle fibers 3.Cardiac muscle fibers

1-Unstriated muscle fibers (smooth muscles) Involuntary muscles, spindle in shape, found in the walls of the visceral organs such as stomach, urinary bladder, and respiratory passages.

2- Striated muscle fibers (Skeleton muscles) Voluntary muscles, large elongated cylindrical cells, surround the skeleton.

3- Cardiac muscle fibers Involuntary muscles, large branched cylindrical cells, have intercalated discs, found only in the wall of the heart.

B A C

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