1.5 What strategies can be used to address climate change? A) At an international level B) By governmental action C) By pressure groups and individuals.

There are two approaches: Adaptation Mitigation

Adaptation is when strategies are used where people cope with climate change. People change their way of life. This is not a solution but a reaction.

Mitigation is when a strategy is in place to reduce the effects of climate change. This can be done at various scales from local to national to global mitigation.

Adaptation is directly linked to development. Wealthy countries have the resources to adapt. Poor countries lack this ability.

To be able to adapt the following would need to be done: Reduce global poverty Increase access to resources Improve education Improve health and population stability Improve infrastructure

Adaptation/ Mitigation

Adaptation or Mitigation? Adjustment in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment. An anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases.

Adaptation/Mitigation Venn diagram

Sea defences. Renewable energy. Move from coastal areas threatened by sea level rise. Planting trees. Promoting use of public transport. International treaties to lower greenhouse gas emissions. Develop ecotourism.

More mitigation  Lower impacts to adjust to. More adaptation  Less notice of climate change.

PROBLEM…

Gwaith cartref Research the following: –Carbon capture technology –Geo-engineering

Questions: 1.What is the difference between adaptation and mitigation? 2.What is an example of a mitigation strategy? 3.What is an example of an adaptation strategy? 4.Which type of strategy will have the biggest reduction in greenhouse gases? LET’S LEARN SOME CASE STUDY EXAMPLES!!

Adaptation   Mitigation None  Reduction in greenhouse gases  Significant Land-use planning Agricultural technology Geo-EngineeringSustainable development Carbon capture technology Carbon neutral development

Adaptation   Mitigation None  Reduction in greenhouse gases  Significant Land-use planning Agricultural technology Geo-EngineeringSustainable development Carbon capture technology Carbon neutral development 1. Prevent development on flood plains/ Coasts. 2.Build fire breaks around urban areas 1.Drought tolerant crops 2. Water harvesting 3. Use of grey water 1. Orbiting solar shields 2. High yield variety 1. Reduce resource Consumption 2.Increased recycling 3. Locally sourced food products 4. Alternative transport 1. Large scale carbon capture technology applied to power stations and industries. 1.Afforestati on 2. Renewable energy supplies 3.Internation al agreements.

Adaptation   Mitigation None  Reduction in greenhouse gases  Significant Land-use planningAgricultural technology Geo-EngineeringSustainable development Carbon capture technolog y Carbon neutral development 1. Prevent development on flood plains/ Coasts. 2.Build fire breaks around urban areas 1.Drought tolerant crops 2. Water harvesting 3. Use of grey water 1. Orbiting solar shields 2. High yield variety 1. Reduce resource Consumption 2.Increased recycling 3. Locally sourced food products 4. Alternative transport 1. Large scale carbon capture technology applied to power stations and industries. 1.Afforestation 2. Renewable energy supplies 3.International agreements. 1. Shrewsbury 2. Australia (Melbourne/ Sydney) 1. India (Green revolution) 2. California 3. Western Europe 1. No case study- costs too much 2. South East Africa 1. UK 2. RCT 3. Co-op supermarket 4.London (Bikes/Charges) 1. UK coal fired power stations 1.Brazilian rainforest 2. Cemaes wind farm/ Dinorwig hydro electric power 3. Kyoto

Fire breaks in Australia A gap in vegetation (barrier) Reduce the threat of bush fires. Melbourne is already surrounded by more than 500km of fire breaks. This was extended in Focus on areas identified as high risk.

Green revolution HYV of cereal grains, Irrigation, modernisation and management. Saved India from mass famine in rice yield 2 tons per hectare, by tons per hectare

Use of greywater Used water (laundry, bathwater etc) Recycled on site Environment agency promotes it’s use We all produce approx. 120 litres of greywater a day, which could be redued to 30 litres.

Alternative transport London schemes Congestion charges- Introduced in busy areas- ~ £10 per day (Fines for not paying) Incentives- electric cars Bikes- London cycle hire- available 24/7 15,000 docking stations around London. Cover 65km2

Carbon capture technology Aim- to trap greenhouse gases after burning fossil fuels. Why am I telling you? eractive/2008/jun/12/carbon.capturehttp:// eractive/2008/jun/12/carbon.capture

Colour code your table to indicate whether the schemes are individual, national or international.

natural-environments-videoshttps://practicalaction.org/geography- natural-environments-videos

1.4. What are the issues resulting from climate change? a)Changes in biomes. b)Changes in society c)Increasing levels of extreme weather d)Impacts of changing sea level e)Impacts in the UK

Gwaith cartref