Warm-Up / EOC Prep 1. Individuals who lack lactase are unable to break down the sugar lactose. Which term best describes lactase? A enzyme B fatty acid C lipid D starch 2. What is the job of enzymes in the cell? A Carry out photosynthesis B Growth C Reproduction D Speed up chemical reactions

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Plant and Animal cells and Organelles

Organelles Organelles = little organs that perform specific jobs in the cell Organelles are found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells Plant and Animal cells are both examples of eukaryotic cells with organelles Plant and Animal cells contain many of the same organelles, but there are several differences

1. Plant cells have a cell wall, Animal Cells do not Plant vs. Animal Cells There are three main differences between plant and animal cells: 1. Plant cells have a cell wall, Animal Cells do not

2. Plant cells have chloroplasts and Animal Cells do not Plant vs. Animal Cells 2. Plant cells have chloroplasts and Animal Cells do not

3. Plant cells have larger vacuoles (storage spaces) Plant vs. Animal Cells 3. Plant cells have larger vacuoles (storage spaces)

Plant vs. Animal Cells Plant Cells Chloroplasts Cell wall Large vacuole Animal Cells No Chloroplasts No Cell wall Small Vacuole

Plant vs. Animal Cells

Organelles Nucleus Ribosomes Mitochondria Chloroplast Vacuole Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi Apparatus Plasma Membrane Cell Wall

Nucleus Looks like: Central area where DNA is found Job: controls the cell In a factory: Boss

Ribosomes Looks like: Small particles of RNA in the cytoplasm and on the ER Job: make proteins (protein synthesis) In a factory: workers

Mitochondria Looks like: a bean Job: powerhouse of the cell-it produces the energy in the form of ATP In a factory: generator (energy source)

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Chloroplast Looks like: green stacks of membranes the contain chlorophyll Job: perform photosynthesis (convert sunlight into energy) In the factory: greenhouse

Vacuole Looks like: sac-like organ. HUGE in plant cells Job: stores water, food, and waste In a factory: storage room

Endoplasmic Reticulum Looks like: internal membrane system next to the nucleus (rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not) Job: transports materials In a factory: conveyor belt

Golgi Apparatus Looks like: stack of membranes Job: Packs, sorts, and ships In a factory: packaging center

Plasma Membrane Looks like: layered membrane (called a lipid bilayer) surrounding the cell but inside of the cell wall Job: “the regulator”-controls what comes in and out of the cell, protects, and supports the cell In a factory: security guards

Cell Wall Looks like: thick layer outside the plasma membrane Job: structure and support In a factory: Cement wall

Lysosome- add to notes Looks like: small, sac-like organ Job: breaks down wastes In a factory: recycling center Location: animal

Review

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Ribosomes

Which organelle stores waste, water, and food?

vacuole

What are the three differences between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and large vacoules

Which organelle controls the cell?

nucleus

Which organelle converts sunlight into energy in photosynthesis?

chloroplast

Warm-Up / EOC Prep 1. If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a(n) ____. A. Plant cell B. animal cell C. Eukaryotic cell D. prokaryotic cell 2. A plasma membrane is made up of a(n) _____. A. Cholesterol layer B. lipid bilayer C. Enzyme bilayer D. protein layer

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PLANT OR ANIMAL CELL?

Warm-Up / EOC Prep 1. Which of the following is an organic catalyst? A. Carbohydrate B. Nucleic acid C. Enzyme D. Lipid 2. Which of the following is used for the long-term storage of energy? A. Carbohydrate B. Lipid C. Protein D. Nucleic acid

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Student of the week is…

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Warm-Up / EOC Prep 1. Which of the following best describes the main difference between a plant cell and a bacteria cell? A. Plant cells have a cell wall and bacteria cells do not. B. Plant cells have a nuclear membrane and bacteria cells do not. C. Plants cells have a plasma membrane and bacteria cells do not. D. Plant cells have chloroplast and bacteria cells do not. 2. A cell has a nucleus, multiple chloroplasts, and a large vacuole. What type of cell is this? A. Plant cell B. Animal cell C. Bacteria D. Protista

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