“ ” TULIPS GROUP MEMBERS : AYCA DELIBALTA BURCIN ERTOKUS IPEK ALPAKIN MELIS NUHUT

o WHAT IS AUTISM? o SUBTYPES OF AUTISM o CAUSES o SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS o DIAGNOSIS AND SCREENING o TREATMENT o ASSOCIATIONS

What is autism?  A complex developmental disability disorder.  Begins with in the first three years of a person’s life.  Most autistic children look like other kids but do puzzling and disturbing things.

Subtypes of Autism include:  Autistic disorder  Permasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) o Children often are confused in their thinking and generally have problems understanding the environment.  Asperger’s Syndrome o A group of conditions that involve delays in the development of basic skills such as ability to socialize with others, to communicate and to use imagination.

Subtypes of Autism  Rett Syndrome o Is a rare but severe brain disorder o Affects girls o Discovered in the first two years of life  Childhood Disintegrative Disorder

Causes  Autism is a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain function,  Genetics;  Metabolic or neurological factors;  Certain type infections;  And problems occuring at birth.

Signs and Symptoms  Difficulty with verbal and non-verbal communication such as inability to speak, gestures and facial expressions  Difficulty with social interactions, including relating to people and to one’s surroundings (making friends and play them)  Some sleeping problems  Trouble understanding other’ feelings or talkings  Repeat actions over and over again

Signs and Symptoms  Difficulty in daily routines  Unusual reactions to things they smell, taste, look, feel and sound  Avoid eye contact with others and want to be alone  Lack make-believe or pretend-play skills (evcilik)

Diagnosis and Screening  No medical test such as blood tests  Doctors observe the child’s behavior and development to make a diagnosis  Takes 2 steps;  Developmental Screening  Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation

Developmental Screening  A short test to tell if children are learning basic skills when they should, or if they might have delays.  Regular well-child doctor visits at; o 9 months o 18 months o 24 or 30 months  Might be needed if a child is at high risk for developmental problems due to preterm birth, low birth weight etc.

Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation  Looking at the child’s behavior and development and interviewing the parents  Hearing and vision screening, genetic testing, neurological testing and other medical testing  Specialists who can do this type of evaluation include; o Developmental pediatricians o Child neurologists o Child psychologists or psychiatrists

How is Autism treated?  No exact cure but treatment may allow for relatively development in child and reduce undesirable behaviors.  Special education: Structured to meet the child’s unique educational needs.  Behavior modification: This includes strategies for supporting possitive behavior and decreasing problem behaviors.  Speech, physical, or occupational therapy: Are designed to increase the child’s functional abilities.  Social skills therapies: Address language and social pragmatics in verbal inndividuals with autism.  Medication: to treat certain symptoms such as anxiety.

Associations  AUTISM TREATMENT CENTER OF AMERICA  CENTER FOR AUTISM AND RELATED DISORDERS (CARD)  NATIONAL AUTISM ASSOCIATION  AUTISM SOCIETY OF AMERICA

Assocciations about Autism

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References    Lord C, Risi S, DiLavore PS, Shulman C, Thurm A, Pickles A. Autism from 2 to 9 years of age. Arch Gen Psychiatry Jun;63(6): Lord C, Risi S, DiLavore PS, Shulman C, Thurm A, Pickles A. 

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