Chapter 2 Manufacturing Systems

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Objectives Describe how manufacturing has evolved. List the major components of a manufacturing system. Identify manufacturing inputs. Describe manufacturing processes. Identify manufacturing outputs.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Evolution of Manufacturing Usufacturing Manufacturing Factories Industrialized society Mentafacturing

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Manufacturing as a System

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Major Components of the Manufacturing System Inputs Processes Outputs

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Manufacturing Inputs Human labor Information Capital (machines and equipment) Energy Materials Finances

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Form Utility (US Steel, American Iron and Steel Institute, White Consolidated Industries)

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Manufacturing Processes New material form People Transformation technology Material processing technology Managerial technology

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Manufacturing Processes (Cont.)

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Transformation Technology Raw materials Primary processing Standard stock Industrial materials Secondary processing (Georgia Pacific Corp., California Redwood Assoc.)

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Managerial Technology Design, build, operate, and manage systems Set goals Select courses of action Obtain and assign resources Monitor operations Evaluate outputs

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Five Basic Areas of Activities Research and development Production Marketing Financial affairs Industrial relations

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Desired Outputs

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Undesired Outputs

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Human Outputs Desired Undesired

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Effects of Developments in Manufacturing Shapes the world Produces risks and benefits Requires assessment

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Assessing Risks and Benefits Assessment of beliefs and values Alternate solutions: pro and con Rational decisions

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Rational Decisions Discovering Exploring Developing Predicting

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question Define manufacturing. The process of changing resources into more useful products.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question What is an industrialized society? One in which people use machines to manufacture large quantities of products from materials.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question True or False? Mentafacturing, or “making for use,” is the earliest form of manufacturing. False

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question What are the three components of the manufacturing system? Inputs, processes, outputs.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Questions Human labor, capital, energy, materials and finances are examples of _____. A. outputs B. form utilities C. inputs D. processes C. inputs

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question Define transformation technology. The appropriate use of tools, machines, and systems to convert materials into products.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question List the four areas of managerial technology. Research and development, marketing, financial affairs, industrial relations.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question True or False? Pollution is an undesired process of the manufacturing system. False

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Review Question The first step in transforming raw materials into products is _____ processing. A. resource B. standard C. usufacturing D. primary

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Factories –special buildings where people use machines to manufacture products. Financial affairs –the area of managerial technology concerned with raising money and maintaining financial records. Form utility –changing the form of a material to make it more useful.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Industrialized society –one in which people use machines to manufacture large quantities of products from materials. Industrial materials –materials ready for secondary processing into manufactured products. Industrial relations –the area of managerial technology concerned with the human aspects of the manufacturing enterprise, such as personnel and labor relations.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Managerial technology –the use of systems and procedures to ensure that transformation actions are efficient and appropriate. Manufacturing –the process of changing resources into more useful products.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Marketing –the area of managerial technology concerned with moving a product from the manufacturer to the customer by means of advertising and selling activities. Material processing technology –another way of describing transformation technology. Mentafacturing –products are first made in the mind. This has been called “making in the human mind.”

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Primary processing –the first step in transforming raw materials into products. Example: Converting trees into lumber at a sawmill. Raw materials –natural resources found on or in the earth or seas. Manufacturing starts with raw materials. Research and development –the area of managerial technology concerned with designing and specifying products.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Secondary processing –manufacturing methods that change standard stock into finished products. Standard stock –material output by primary processing operations, available in standard size units or standard formulations.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Glossary Transformation technology –the appropriate use of tools, machines, and systems to convert materials into products. Usufacturing –making products for personal use.