RUTHERFORD’S EXPERIMENT How he found out how atoms were put together.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Elements & Atoms Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed from experimental evidence. As more evidence was collected, the theory and models.

Advertisements

LOJ Feb 2004 Models of the atom GCSE Level LOJ Feb 2004.

Read Sections 3.4 and 3.5 before viewing the slide show.

What is matter? All matter is composed of atoms! Just how small are these atoms?

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure

The Gold Foil and the Nucleus

Nuclear Reactions Rutherford’s Alpha Scattering Experiment.

( Rutherford’s experiment ).  Before 1910, the structure of the atom was thought to correspond with the « plum pudding model ». In summary, the Plum.

Chapter 4: Discovery of Atomic Structure. Prentice Hall © 2003Chapter 2 The Discovery of Atomic Structure An ancient Greek named Democritus was the first.

The History of the Atom.

PART ONE ATOMIC THEORY. Over the course of thousands of years our idea of what matter is made of and what the atom looks like has changed dramatically.

History Behind the Atomic Theory

Happy Mole Day! Mole day is celebrated every October 23rd between 6:02 in the morning and 6:02 in the evening. Scientists celebrate mole day because the.

J.j. Thomson Atomic Model

Section 2: Atomic Discoveries

The Changing Models of the Atom

Atomic Model History.

The Atomic Theory 1.Atomic Theory Matching 2.Atom Size 3.Democritus 4.Dalton – Ball Model 5.J.J. Thompson – Raisin Bun Model 6.Rutherford – Gold Foil Experiment.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure.

The History of the Atom. What is Everything made from? During the middle ages, they believed that everything was made from the 4 elements, ‘earth, fire,

STANDARD A MOST OF THE SLIDES FROM THIS POWER POINT PRESENTATION COMES FROM HOLT CHEMISTRY. PLEASE DISREGARD THE CHAPTER NUMBERS. STANDARD A ASSESSEMENT.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Modern theory of matter. LET’S REVIEW Dalton’s atomic theory – Elements are made of atoms ; all atoms of an element are identical, atoms.

The Structure of the Atom

Matter & Atoms Unit 2. Matter Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter is made up of MUCH smaller particles known as atoms. 1)

The Development of Modern Atomic Theory

26/11/2015 The Scattering experiment L/O :- To know the structure of an atom and to understand Rutherford and Marsden’s scattering experiment.

Rutherford’s alpha scattering experiment. source of alpha particles thin gold foil photographic film beam of  particles most pass straight through 1 in.

Rutherford and Bohr Rutherford – Structure of the Atom

Rutherford’s experiment Day 2. Last time Discussion of early atomic model- the plum pudding model To refresh your memory: – Large slightly positive mass.

 In 1909, an undergraduate, Ernest Marsden, was being trained by Dr. Hans Geiger. To quote Rutherford (in a lecture he gave much later):

The changing atom L.O.: Describe how the model of the atom has changed over the years. Describe protons, neutrons and electrons in terms of relative charge.

Rutherfords Gold Foil Experiment The History of Atomic Theory.

Atom : The smallest particle of an element that keeps all the properties of that element. Lesson: Old Dead Guys.

3-2 Radioactivity and the nucleus (10.2 pg )

THE ATOM! BUILDING BLOCKS OF MATTER. Rutherford! ► The gold foil experiment ► Shot alpha particles (helium nuclei) at gold foil 4 Mass number charge 2+

The scattering experiment.  The scattering experiment.

Ernest Rutherford (Nelson, New Zealand).

The Atomic Theory Democritus Dalton 440 B.C. – Thought matter was made of tiny particles – Believed these particles could not be cut into anything smaller.

Part 2: Rutherford and the Gold Foil Experiment

History of the Atomic Theory. Democritus  Greek Philosopher 400 B.C.  His theory: Matter could not be divided into smaller and smaller pieces forever,

The Atom. Dalton’s Atomic Theory 1.Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms. 2.All atoms of a given element are identical. 3.The atoms of a given.

History of the Atomic Model

1 Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements 4.3 The Atom Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

John Dalton’s Atomic Theory  Elements composed of small particles called “atoms”  All atoms of a given element are the same, but different from other.

Atomic Theory Democritus to Rutherford. Democritus - Ancient Greece w Philosophical question: Could matter be divided into smaller and smaller pieces.

Models of Atoms atom.

The Evolution of the Atom

Atomic Structure Where our ideas of the atom come from and what we know now.

Atomic Structure Notes. Thomson Model The “pudding” had a positive charge and the “plums” had a negative charge.

4.1 Studying Atoms The philosopher Democritus believed that all matter consisted of extremely small particles that could not be divided. He called these.

Physical Science Goal 5A Test Review Technique 1 Flash Cards.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM.  All atoms consist of 2 regions:  1) Nucleus: very small region located near the center of the atom  Proton: positively.

How Rutherford Discovered the Nucleus: One of science’s greatest experiments!

+ Evidence For The Atomic Structure Noadswood Science, 2012.

You need to know: The structure of an atom The charge of a nucleus The structure of an alpha particle + + 

Atomic Structure Section 4-1. Democritus Greek philosopher 4 th Century BC First to come up with “atom”. Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.

Rutherford Scattering Experiment

ATOMS & RADIOACTIVITY ATOMS & RADIOACTIVITY THE ATOM THE ATOM.

By the end of this presentation, you should be able to: demonstrate a qualitative understanding of the  - particle scattering experiment and the evidence.

Thomson Model – The ‘plum pudding’

IP The atom and the discovery of the nucleus © Oxford University Press 2011 The atom and the discovery of the nucleus.

Radioactivity and the nucleus

Atomic Structure Scale of the Universe.

The Roach in the Pudding

UNDERSTANDING THE NUCLEUS Rutherford scattering Chain reaction models.

ATOMIC HISTORY & ISOTOPES

Describe how the atomic model was developed by Dalton, Thomson and Rutherford. Success Criteria: Description of Dalton’s, Thomson’s and Rutherford’s atomic.

THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS How is the atom put together?

Rutherfords Gold Foil Experiment

Presentation transcript:

RUTHERFORD’S EXPERIMENT How he found out how atoms were put together

In 1911 it was known that things were made from atoms, and that atoms had positive (+) and negative (-) charges.

They thought that atoms were solid little balls of positive charge, with even smaller electrons of negative charge stuck in them.

This was the “Plum Pudding” model Spread out positive charge Electron (negative charge)

In 1911 Rutherford designed an experiment to find out about the structure of an atom. He fired alpha particles at a very thin piece of gold leaf.

gold leaf detector alpha particles He expected them all to go straight through…….

gold leaf detector alpha particles But some bounced straight back………….

gold leaf detector alpha particles And some were deflected………….

From this he worked out two things……..

1. Atoms were mostly empty space apart from a solid centre, or nucleus.This is why some particles bounced back.

Empty space Solid nucleus

2. The nucleus has a positive charge, which is why the positively charged alpha particles are repelled if they get too close.

Empty space Solid nucleus Repelled by positively charged nucleus

If the nucleus has all the positive charge, then the negatively charged electrons must be away from the nucleus.

This is how we get Rutherford’s model of the atom Electron (negative charge) Positive charge concentrated at the centre