The Periodic Table and Ionic Bonding: Part 1-Periodic Table Features 1

Objectives -Describe where to find metals, nonmetals, and metalloids on a periodic table -Explain the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids 2

Periodic Table Something “periodic” occurs at regular or generally predictable intervals Periodic Table of Elements – a table of elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the patterns in their properties Dmitri Mendeleev devised the 1 st in which predictions were made Element- pure substance made up of one kind of atom 3

Why do you think there are question marks here? Image taken from: Mendeleev’s Published Periodic Table of Elements 4

Using the Periodic Table Boxes that make up the periodic table contain a significant amount of information Atomic Number (number of protons) Element Symbol (capital letter or a capital and lower case) Atomic Mass (weighted averages) 8 O Oxygen Element Name 5

Elements Using this as a guide, color code your periodic table to show the classes. 6

3 Classes of Elements Metals Nonmetals Metalloids 25

Metals Location Left of the zigzag (exception  H) Chemical Properties Few electrons in outer energy levels so lose electrons easily Physical Properties Ductile, good conductors, malleable, shiny, most are room temperature 11 Na Au

Metals’ Chemical Properties Notice: only 1 electron in outer level 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1 Notice: only 2 electrons in outer level 1s 2 2s Na Be

Non-Metals Location Right of the zigzag Chemical Properties Almost full outer energy levels, so tend to gain electrons; some completely full Physical Properties Not ductile or malleable, or shiny, poor conductors, most are solid, but some are gas 16 S Cl

Non-metals’ Chemical Properties Notice: 7 electrons in outer level – almost full 1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 Notice: 2 electrons in outer level – FULL 1s 2 Notice: 6 electrons in outer level – almost full 1s 2 2s 2 2p F O He 4.003

Metalloids Location Border zigzag staircase Chemical Properties Most atoms have ½ (≈) complete set of electrons in outer level Physical Properties have properties of both metals and non-metals B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At 5 B Si

Objectives -Describe where to find metals, nonmetals, and metalloids on a periodic table -Explain the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids 31