Alphabets and languages Biblical Hebrew and Greek Languages of the Bible Alphabets and languages Biblical Hebrew and Greek Route A Language Age 7-11 Second century Hebrew Ten Commandments Public domain

English uses this alphabet. It is called the ‘Roman’ alphabet. Languages of the Bible The alphabet English uses this alphabet. It is called the ‘Roman’ alphabet. Route A Language Age 7-11 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

Other languages use different alphabets Languages of the Bible Other languages use different alphabets ‘School’ written in different languages and alphabets مدرسة 学校 школа Arabic Chinese Russian Route A Language Age 7-11

Languages of the Bible Hebrew The first part of the Bible, the Old Testament, was written in Hebrew. It tells the story of the beginning of the world and the people of Israel. Route A Language Age 7-11 Psalms scroll, part of the Dead Sea Scrolls unwound. Public domain

Hebrew Some of the Bible was first written in Hebrew. Languages of the Bible Hebrew Some of the Bible was first written in Hebrew. This is the Hebrew letter b Hebrew writing looks like this: Write the Hebrew letter b. Route A Language Age 7-11

Hebrew Hebrew is read from right to left Languages of the Bible Hebrew Hebrew is read from right to left Biblical Hebrew was written without vowels (A E I O U). The vowels were added later as dots and dashes. For example, a as in had is written as – i as in lid is written as • Route A Language Age 7-11

Hebrew Some words with a Hebrew origin: Amen (Certainly, I agree) Languages of the Bible Hebrew Some words with a Hebrew origin: Amen (Certainly, I agree) Hallelujah (Praise God) Cherub (a type of angel) Jubilee (from the Hebrew word for ram’s horn which was blown to start celebrations) Route A Language Age 7-11

Some Hebrew names Sarah Naomi Jonathan Samuel Miriam David Elizabeth Languages of the Bible Some Hebrew names Sarah Jonathan David Elizabeth Ruth Jonah Rebekah Benjamin Rachael Naomi Samuel Miriam Joshua Anna Jacob Hannah Joseph Deborah Route A Language Age 7-11

Languages of the Bible Greek The second part of the Bible, the New Testament, was written in Greek. The New Testament tells the story of Jesus and the first Christians. Route A Language Age 7-11 Part of an old Greek manuscript Section of Papyrus 46, containing 2 Corinthians 11:33-12:9 Public domain

Greek Some of the Bible was first written in Greek Languages of the Bible Greek Some of the Bible was first written in Greek This is the Greek letter p π Greek writing looks like this: Find a Greek letter to write that is different to English. Route A Language Age 7-11

Greek Greek is read from left to right. The Bible writers did not use Languages of the Bible Greek Greek is read from left to right. The Bible writers did not use commas or full stops. They did not leave gaps between the words. They often wrote in capital letters. Route A Language Age 7-11 Part of Codex Siniaticus Public domain

Writing the Greek way 1 Corinthians 13:4-5 Languages of the Bible Writing the Greek way LOVEISKINDANDPATIENTNEVERJEALOUSBOASTFULPROUDORRUDELOVEISNTSELFISHORQUICKTEMPEREDITDOESNTKEEPARECORDOFWRONGSTHATOTHERSDO. 1 Corinthians 13:4-5 Where would you put the spaces, commas, full stops and capital letters to make sense of this part of the Bible?   Route A Language Age 7-11

Greek words Some words that have Greek origins. zoo museum Languages of the Bible Greek words Some words that have Greek origins. zoo museum angel dinosaur telephone maths school petrol kilo octopus angle Route A Language Age 7-11

Some Greek names Irene Nicolas Margaret Timothy Angela Stephen Chloe Languages of the Bible Some Greek names Irene Nicolas Margaret Timothy Angela Stephen Chloe Alex Zoe Peter Catherine Andrew Helen Philip Iris Route A Language Age 7-11