Geographic Information Systems/Science (GIS) Guest Presentation for UST 610 Geographic Information Systems/Science (GIS) Jim Wyles, GISP College Lecturer in GIS (j.wyles@csuohio.edu)

What is GIS? Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are computerized systems designed for the storage, retrieval and analysis of geographically referenced data GIS uses advanced analytical tools to explore at a scientific level the spatial relationships, patterns, and processes of cultural, biological, demographic, economic, geographic, and physical phenomena

A GIS Journey National Geographic Video (by ESRI): 10 min. National Geographic link: http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/science/technology-sci/gis_journey.html Alternative link: http://vid01.esri.com/winmmedia/asia_final.wmv URL: http://video.esri.com/watch/968/a-gis-journey Some other interesting GIS videos: GIS Definition Video Clip (by ESRI) https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog469/node/200 (by Penn State University)

Why does GIS matter?

Why does GIS matter? 80% of local government activities estimated to be geographically based a significant portion of state government has a geographical component businesses use GIS for a very wide array of applications military and defense scientific research employs GIS 80% of local government activities estimated to be geographically based plats, zoning, public works (streets, water supply, sewers), garbage collection, land ownership and valuation, public safety (fire and police) a significant portion of state government has a geographical component natural resource management highways and transportation businesses use GIS for a very wide array of applications retail site selection & customer analysis logistics: vehicle tracking & routing natural resource exploration (petroleum, etc.) precision agriculture civil engineering and construction military and defense Battlefield management Satellite imagery interpretation scientific research employs GIS geography, geology, botany anthropology, sociology, economics, political science Epidemiology, criminology

Examples of Applied GIS Urban Planning, Management & Policy Zoning, subdivision planning Land acquisition Economic development Code enforcement Housing renovation programs Emergency response Crime analysis Tax assessment Environmental Sciences Monitoring environmental risk Modeling stormwater runoff Management of watersheds, floodplains, wetlands, forests, aquifers Environmental Impact Analysis Hazardous or toxic facility siting Groundwater modeling and contamination tracking Political Science Redistricting Analysis of election results Predictive modeling Civil Engineering/Utility Locating underground facilities Designing alignment for freeways, transit Coordination of infrastructure maintenance Business Demographic Analysis Market Penetration/ Share Analysis Site Selection Education Administration Attendance Area Maintenance Enrollment Projections School Bus Routing Real Estate Neighborhood land prices Traffic Impact Analysis Determination of Highest and Best Use Health Care Epidemiology Needs Analysis Service Inventory 7

“Almost everything that happens, happens somewhere “Almost everything that happens, happens somewhere. Knowing where and when something happens is critically important.” Longley et al. (2001), Geographic Information Systems and Science, John Wiley & Sons, p.2.

Geographic (Geospatial) Problems What kinds of people live in the 10th Congressional District? Where should I open my next clothing outlet store? Where should I dig up the road to gain access to the gas main? How can my authority best respond to the needs of those single parent families with low income and poor housing? How can I find a famous Italian restaurant in this city and which route would be the fastest way? Geographic (Geospatial) Problems

Maps and GIS Mapping does not always mean doing GIS! However, a map can be transformed to either spatial information or spatial knowledge depending on how you use GIS.

NODIS GIS maps Maps and projects using GIS from Northern Ohio Data & Information Service (NODIS) NODIS GIS maps

Geographic Problems Location…Where is it? Proximity…What is near? Where are my competitors? Proximity…What is near? What banks are within 2 miles of my home? Patterns…How is it distributed? Public facilities, population (age specific), land use… Modeling…What if…? A chemical tanker truck spills toxic chemical into storm sewer. Where will the chemical travel within one hour?

How can we solve geographic problems? Data (spatial/non-spatial) Spatial queries and reasoning Visualization

GIS supports all the problem solving processes through: Spatial data integration Spatial data analysis (tools) Spatial information/knowledge visualization

The Power of GIS: Data Integration Link basemap with: Residential data Agency data Scanned documents, images or videos Global positioning system data Backdrop with: Digital aerial imagery or Satellite imagery

Real-World Examples

October 10, 2007 CSX Train Derailment (Painesville, OH)

Incident Action Plan Map Source: Lake County GIS Department

Impacted Property Ownership Data Provided Source: Lake County GIS Department

Floodplain houses - FEMA maps with needed structure info.

Emergency Preparation Source: Lake County GIS Department

Hazardous materials teams can have toxic plumes and at-risk populations mapped Source: Lake County GIS Department

Park Service Areas 1/4 mile 1 mile 3 mile 1/2 mile 2 mile Parks Source: Leah J. Pesek (GIS Capstone Project, 2009)

GIS project examples The following are links to a sampling of my projects: Water Distribution Infrastructure- City of Cleveland, Water Division Water Utility Service Dispute- GIS Expert Witness: City of Zanesville, OH Bioindicators Project- Ohio EPA Locate "Mega" Retail and Grocery Store using demographics- Kramer & Associates Ohio Redistricting Competition Workshop using ArcGIS districting software- Ohio Secretary of State Market Penetration of Chemical Coating Facilities- Sherwin-Williams Co. Locate Additional Children's Activity Center- Horizon Activities Center

UST 610-486/586 coordination Use NEOCANDO to see list of possible 2010 Census variables

More information about GIS? If you want to know more about GIS or GIS Certificate Program of Levin College, contact me: Email: j.wyles@csuohio.edu Phone: (216) 687-2221 Office: UR 123