Start on the T/F quiz at your desk…Let’s see what you already know

With your neighbor, come up with a definition of malaria based on your background knowledge of the disease.

1. Malaria kills 2,200 children everyday in Africa 2. Malaria was eradicated in US in Only female mosquitos cause malaria 4. Malaria is a preventable and treatable disease 5. Malaria is caused by a bacteria passed by mosquito bites 6. Malaria is most common in tropical regions 7. Every 5 minutes, a child dies of malaria 8. 25% of the worlds population is at risk for developing malaria this year 9. Malaria mortality rates are falling 10. Growing resistance to antimalarial medicines has spread rapidly among infection causing parasites.

Has been in existence for 50,000 – 100,000 yrs! Some believe it could have originated in gorillas Believed to be a MAJOR factor in the fall of the Roman Empire!

About 3.3 billion people – half of the world's population – are at risk of malaria. In 2010, there were about about 250 million malaria cases and an estimated 660,000 malaria deaths. Increased prevention and control measures have led to a reduction in malaria mortality rates by more than 25% globally since 2000 and by 33% in the WHO African Region. People living in the poorest countries are the most vulnerable to malaria. In 2010, 90% of all malaria deaths occurred in the WHO African Region, mostly among children under five years of age. In Africa, a child dies from malaria every 30 seconds.

Definition: Disease caused by a PLASMODIUM parasite Protista Protozoan Sporozoan (Apicocomplexa) Plasmodium

Plasmodium: (4 types) P. vivax P. falciparum (75%) P. malariae P. ovale All transmitted by mosquito In human: infects red blood cells

Charles Laveran Algeria There’s a first time for everything! Carlos Finlay Havana Ronald Ross 1902 – Calcutta

Life Cycle of Plasmodium in Mosquito

With your neighbor … provide a brief answer to each of these questions: What specific organsims causes malaria? Where is it most commonly found? How is it spread?

Life Cycle of Plasmodium in Humans

“What does it feel like” ArticleWhat does it feel like Symptoms How to remember?

Anopheles gambiae Plasmodium falciparum Lack of resources and political instability Increase parasitic resistance to antimalarial drugs

Medications The most common antimalarial drugs include: Quinine drip (1600’s) Chloroquine (1940’s) Artemisinins (1970’s) Combination of drugs

Brainstorm on how you might prevent malarial infections. NY Times Slide Show Bill Gates has some thoughts… Bill Gates

Let’s review