LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT. LOWER RES. TRACT  Is the tract that is responsible for gas exchange.

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Presentation transcript:

LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT

LOWER RES. TRACT  Is the tract that is responsible for gas exchange.

Secondary Bronchi  Cartilage block, NOT rings.  Lots of muscle.

Tertiary Bronchi  Continued branching (like a tree)

Bronchioles  No cartilage or respiratory epithelium.  1 mm in diameter.

ASTHMA  Difficulty Breathing, bronchioles get constricted.  Bronchodilator: opens up bronchioles.

NORMAL BRONCHI BRONCHI w/ ASTHMA

Laser Light Can Detect Potential Diseases Via Breath Samples

Alveoli  Tiny air sacs, about 150 million per lung.  Destroyed by smoking, DO NOT regenerate!

Alveoli  Very THIN in order to maximize gas exchange.

Alveoli  If spread out have the surface area of an entire…

Surfactant  Oily secretion that coats alveoli and keep them inflated.

PLEURAL CAVITIES  Halves of thoracic cavity, 1 lung in each cavity.

Pariatal Pleura  Membrane against ribs and cavity.

Visceral Pleura  Membrane around the lungs.  (Seal between the two has low pressure)

Pleuritis  Inflammation of the membranes, which causes friction.

Collapsed Lung  Lung collapses due to break in the seal, air comes in and lungs shrivel up.  Caused by broken ribs.

RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY

Pulmonary Ventilation  Getting air in and out of lungs.

Muscles  Mainly the diaphragm.  External Costals: Outside of ribs, breath in.  Internal costals: Between ribs, breath out.

Costals

Inspiration  Inhaling or breathing in, 4 basic steps.

Inspiration  1. Message to breath sent from the medulla oblongata to breathing muscles.

Inspiration  2. Muscles Contract.

Inspiration  3. Thoracic cavity gets bigger!

Inspiration  4. Air pushes and/or rushes in and fills the lungs.

Expiration  Breathing out, consists of 4 basic steps.

Expiration  1. Medulla oblongata stops sending message.

Expiration  2. Muscles relax.

Expiration  3. Thoracic cavity decreases in size, air pressure increases.

Expiration  Air is pushed out of the lungs.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation  AKA: CPR  Restores circulation and ventilation.

FLEX THE PECS:  Activity time.