EQ: Describe the parts and each part’s function in a calorimeter?

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Presentation transcript:

EQ: Describe the parts and each part’s function in a calorimeter? Calorimetry EQ: Describe the parts and each part’s function in a calorimeter?

A. Calorimeter 1. Calorimeters measure Heat change 2. Parts (used to measure ΔT) (for minimal heat transfer from/to outside) (with known mass) C(water) = 4.184 J/g°C

A. Calorimeter 3. Universe = system + surroundings System: Part of universe you are interested in Surroundings: Everything outside the system

A. Calorimeter 4. Calorimetry depends of the Law of conservation of energy Heat lost or gained by the reaction or metal = Heat lost or gained by the calorimeter (water) 5. Heat absorbed= +q Heat released = -q

B. Calorimeter Calculations q = mcΔT 1. Type 1: calculating energy change of a rxn Ex: 25.0 g of water containing 0.0265 mol HCl is added to 25.0 g of water containing 0.025 mol NaOH in a foam cup calorimeter. Ti = 25oC & Tf = 32.0oC. Calculate the heat released during this reaction Given: q = ? m = 25.0 g + 25.0 g = 50.0 g c = 4.184 J/g °C ΔT = 32.0 - 25 = 7oC Work: q = mcΔT q =(50.0g)(4.184J/goC)(7oC) =1464.4 J =1000 J qcal = -qrxn =-1000 J

B. Calorimeter Calculations 2. Type 2: solving for c when q is known Ex: Calculate the specific heat of a 45 g substance that produces 2,000 Joules of heat and changes in temperature by 70°C. Given: q = 2,000 J m = 45 g c = ? ΔT = 70°C Work: q=mcT c=q/mT c=2,000 J/(45g x 70°C) c= 0.6 J/g°C

B. Calorimeter Calculations 3. Type 3: solving for c when q is unknown Ex: A 50.0 g piece of metal is heated to 115.0°C and is placed into a calorimeter with 125 g of water whose initial temperature was 25.6°C. Both the water and the metal have a final temperature of 29.3°C. What is the specific heat of the metal?

B. Calorimeter Calculations Given: Water q = ? mH2O = 125 g c = 4.184 J/g°C Ti = 25.6°C Tf = 29.3°C ΔT = 29.3°C – 25.6°C = 3.7°C Metal q = ? mmetal = 50.0 g c =? Ti = 115°C Tf = 29.3°C ΔT = 29.3°C – 115.0°C = -85.7°C

B. Calorimeter Calculations Work: Step 1: Calculate the heat gained by water qcalorimeter=(125 g)(4.184 J/g°C)(3.7°C) = 1935 J =1900 J Step 2: Heat gained = Heat lost qsample = - qcalorimeter (change the sign of q) = -1900 J

B. Calorimeter calculations Step 3: Determine Specific heat for metal q = mcΔT c = q = -1900 J = 0.44 J/g°C mΔT (50.0g · -85.7°C)