Bio 9B: Wednesday, 12.8.10 Title: Patterns in Nature: Biomimicry and the Respiratory System Homework: Read pages 956-960 in the Biology textbook (this is the first half of section 37-3). In your notebook: Membrane Review Questions Take notes based on the questions on the back of Assign. sheet. Do Now: What is the purpose of the respiratory system? Today’s Objectives: Identify patterns of different structures in nature to determine the function of the object.

Patterns in Nature: A Biomimicry Exercise

Sketch this Image into your Notebook What do you think it is?

Sketch this Image into your Notebook What do you think it is?

Reflect on the First Two Images Why do you think these first two objects are “designed” the way they are?

1. What similarities do you notice between these two images? 2. Why do you think these similarities exist? 3. What do you think these things are (hint: they are not the same thing)?

Satellite image of a river delta! X-ray image of a lung! Satellite image of a river delta!

Let’s look at some other patterns…

Why do trees have leaves?

Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions Bio 9B: Thursday, 12.9.10 Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions Double Block Homework: NONE  - Enjoy the weekend Do Now: Based on last night’s reading, what is the function of the respiratory system? How is this different than what you wrote down for yesterday’s Do Now? How does this relate to cell respiration? Today’s Objectives: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the structures and functions of respiratory system organs, and explain how they relate to each other

PHA Biology 9 Moretti and Dickson Respiratory System PHA Biology 9 Moretti and Dickson

Agenda Respiratory System: Structures and Functions Day 1 (1st Half of Double Block) Complications of the Respiratory System

Purpose of the Respiratory System Transport O2 from the air into the bloodstream Dispose of CO2 from the bloodstream into the air Link to CELL RESPIRATION: Oxygen is needed by cells for cell respiration to produce ATP Carbon Dioxide produced from cell respiration is exhaled through Respiratory System Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

How the Internal Organs Fit Together Image shows major digestive, respiratory, and circulatory system organs Front View Back View Images: http://www.turbosquid.com/FullPreview/Index.cfm/ID/270177

Structures of the Respiratory System Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Structures of the Respiratory System: Mouth & Nose: Air enters the body; gets moistened/filtered Trachea (aka windpipe): The main airway to the lungs. Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Structures of the Respiratory System: Lungs: Main organs of the respiratory system where gas exchange takes place. Bronchi: Tubes that branch off from trachea. One major bronchi for each lung that branches into smaller and smaller “branches” in the lung Note: The smaller branches of the bronchi are called bronchioles, but we will just call all of the branches BRONCHI. Major Bronchi Branching Smaller Bronchi Branching in the lung Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Structures of the Respiratory System: Alveoli: Tiny air sacs at the ends of the bronchioles where gas exchange takes place. Look like GRAPES! Surrounded by a network of capillaries – tiny blood vessels that trade O2 and CO2 with alveoli

Structures of the Respiratory System: Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Agenda Respiratory System: Structures and Functions Day 1 (1st Half of Double Block) Complications of the Respiratory System

Complications of the Respiratory System 6 Groups: Smoking (use pg. 961-963 in book) Pneumonia Cystic Fibrosis Bronchitis Asbestos Asthma

Complications of the Respiratory System Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4: Research one complication of the respiratory system and be able to describe it to the other students in your group. In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the respiratory system by modifying and annotating the diagram of the lung. In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of your issue, explain how it affects the structures of the respiratory system, and describe how it effects the function of the respiratory system (you can think of these as symptoms). Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different groups: Each person shares the information from their issue As each person presents, all other group members should be comparing and contrasting that issue to their own. Task III - Individually: Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system complications to determine their similarities and differences

Complications of the Respiratory System Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4: (15 min) Research one complication of the respiratory system and be able to describe it to the other students in your group. In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the respiratory system by modifying and annotating the diagram of the lung. In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of your issue, explain how it affects the structures of the respiratory system, and describe how it effects the function of the respiratory system (you can think of these as symptoms).

Complications of the Respiratory System Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different groups: (25 Min) Each person shares the information from their issue As each person presents, all other group members should be comparing and contrasting that issue to their own. Task III – Individually (10 Min) Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system complications to determine their similarities and differences

Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions Day 2 Bio 9B: Monday, 12.13.10 Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions Day 2 Homework: Use the study guide on the back of this sheet to study for tomorrow’s QUIZ. Collect Late Work Pass Back Lab Reports Do Now: Take the balloon and, without stretching it, try to inflate it. Observe what your body is doing to inflate the balloon. Mark your observations in your notebook Today’s Objectives: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the structures and functions of respiratory system organs, and explain how they relate to each other

Structures of the Respiratory System: Debrief of Balloon Blowing: What did you observe your body doing to inflate the balloon? Quick Activity – “Holding your Breath”: Hold your breath for as long as you can (on my start) While you are holding your breathe, observe what happens to your body the longer you try not to breathe. Record these observations in your notebook. Debrief of Holding Breath: What did you observe about your body as you tried to hold your breath? Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Two Important Processes in the Respiratory System: (Don’t need to write this down – just a preview) Breathing – controlled by the diaphragm Gas exchange – happens in the alveoli Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

Structures of the Respiratory System: Diaphragm: Large flat muscle that controls breathing Located at the bottom of the chest cavity When it contracts, you inhale Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

The Process of Breathing Inhaling: Diaphragm contracts & lowers Volume of lungs increases Air rushes in (through mouth/nose, trachea, bronchi, to alveoli) to fill the space Exhaling: Diaphragm relaxes & bends upward Volume of lungs decreases Air is forced out (from alveoli through bronchi, trachea, mouth/nose) Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

The Process of Gas Exchange Gas exchange – the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across cell membranes Happens in the alveoli of the lungs Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries (tiny blood vessels) and binds to red blood cells Carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries into alveoli Objectives for Class: Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system

The Process of Gas Exchange Gas exchange in the lungs needs HUGE AMOUNTS of surface area for enough O2 and CO2 to diffuse! Lungs contain 1.3 million alveoli!! The total surface of all the alveoli would cover half a tennis court!!

Transition to Circulatory System Notes PHA_Bio9_intro_circ_09_9B.pptx