Coral Reefs By Lauren Little and Summer Grimmer February 27, 2015

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Presentation transcript:

Coral Reefs By Lauren Little and Summer Grimmer February 27, 2015 Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems held together by corals.

Location Estimated to cover 109,800 square miles Corals exist in temperate and tropical waters Tropical: don’t grow at 50 meters (160ft) Temperature for coral reefs: 79-81 degrees F

Abiotic Characteristics Temp and salinity affect calcification Zooxanthallae: give corals their pigment, exiting the host coral, or actually being consumed by the coral itself, is commonly referred to as "bleaching" due to the remaining visible white coral skeleton Increasing CO2 in atmosphere ocean lowers PH Corals gain some nutrition zooxanthallae, corals are heterotrophic because they capture zooplankton from the water column with their tentacles

Producers Producers include algae, sea plants and plankton Primary consumers are mostly small fish, molluscs, coral polyps, clams and sponges They are eaten by secondary consumers like eels, crabs, starfish and octopus Some decomposers are fan worms and flat fish

Animals Sea snakes, sea turtles, manatees, sponges Mollusks (clams, mussels, snails, squid, cuttlefish, etc.) Crustaceans (shrimp, lobster, crabs, etc.) Dolphins (who visit to hunt or feed) Echinoderms ( sea stars, sea urchins, etc.)

Animals/Fish 500-600 species in the Caribbean 8-10 times more in Indo-Pacific Evolved, flattened body for sharp turns and sudden stops.. “Pancake Fish” Bold, striking and showy colors ( used for concealment, mate recognition, and warning)

Fun Facts Corals are not plants, they are animals; relatives of jellyfish and anemones Coral reefs are found in 1% of the world yet 25% of marine species live here Algae is the “natural glue” that holds together the reef The first coral reefs were formed about 500 million years ago About 10 million bacteria live on one square centimeter of Coral

Human Impact Coral Reefs are used for fishing and tourism More than 80% of reefs are considered severely overfished 58% of the world’s coral reefs are threatened by human tourism Reefs are found in over 109 countries (93 countries have significant reef degradation) We have already lost 27% of coral reefs in the world (If this rate continues, we will lose 60% or more over the next 30 years)

Works Cited http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef#Locations http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/coral-reefs-15786954 https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080519170720AAWRuJo http://floridakeysbiome.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/1/0/14104677/8555690_ orig.png www.coral-reef-info.com-animals www.mnn.com/earth-matters/blogs www.lifestyle.india.com/lounge/facts-about-coral-reefs wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/blue_planet/coasts/coral_reefs/coral_facts