Native Americans and Westward Expansion

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Presentation transcript:

Native Americans and Westward Expansion Assignment: Notes and Graphic Organizer Warm-Up: Why did many people support the Dawes Act? (the dividing-up of Native American Reservations)

Essential Question How did geography, economic development, and political ideals influence the creation of policies like the Dawes Act and Indian Schools?

Expansion west of the Mississippi United States territory grew rapidly between 1846 and 1867 west of the Mississippi. 1869, the Transcontinental Railroad is completed settlement/travel significantly more accessible. Great Plains is fertile land for growing crops

United States Expansion West

Manifest Destiny Popular concept of American expansion Anglo ‘civilization’ of the West Morally principled Bringers of civilization

American Progress 1872 by John Gast

The US Government and Native American tribes Legally, the government regarded Native American tribes as autonomous nations residing within American boundaries. 1830 Indian Removal Act and the “Trail of Tears”: tribes living in southeastern US were forcibly removed to present-day Oklahoma.

Homestead Act (1862) law that provided 160 acres of Western land to any citizen who was head of household.

What to do with the “Indian Problem?” Three main approaches towards solving this so-called “Indian Problem”: 1) Removal: like the Trail of Tears, to other areas 2) Reservations: clearly-defined land zones where native tribes had to live. 3) Assimilation absorbing Native Americans into “American” culture

Assimilation “Kill the Indian, Save the man”

The Dawes Act 1886 Native American individuals “given” 160 acres of land. Landholdings of Native Americans decline from 138 million to 52 million.

Assignment Complete the graphic organizer by using pages 151-9 in your textbook Complete your summary to your Cornell Notes by answering the essential question. Join Quizlet: Search “Matt_Earhart” Join: US History ___ Period