Evan Sylvester Walden University 01/25/2013

 Access to clean water  Sanitation  Separate clinic survey Image retrieved from Hydraid BioSand Water Filter Samaritan’s Purse International Relief

 Nearly 1.1 billion people worldwide lack access to improved water  Nearly 2.4 billion do not have access to improved water  WHO estimates that 2 million people die every year from diarrheal disease  UN estimates that water related diarrheal diseases result in 450 million days of school and 5% of GDP loss in developing countries  Due to lack of finances, sustainability, water treatment, hygiene and sanitation practices, and education

 Determine drinking water status - water access - water treatment/storage - seasonal access issues  Determine latrine status - location/access - proximity to water - hygiene practice Image retrieved from Times Magazine

 Not just gathering information  Purpose is to implement social change  Builds the capacity for empower and health of the community  Need to have local relevance  Collaboration or partnership  Building the capacity in the community  Get input by involving the community

1. Identify target population 2. Create research question and goals 3. Is research observational/experimental 4. Select correct study design 5. What variables are measured 6. Select sampling method 7. Implement study 8. Analyze data 9. Answer research questions and show findings

 Active questionnaire in the surrounding community - 3 or 4 teams 2-3 people each - door to door in catchment area - household based questions  Passive questionnaire at the clinic - in clinic setting only - individual based questions

 Use science based information so GGM can better serve the community  Create a health intervention/program - simple educational poster - education during community meetings - provide resources or means  Change in behavior/attitudes towards water and sanitations

1. During the dry/rainy season, what is the most common source of drinking water for members of your household? 2. During the dry/rainy season, where is the most common place that your household members get water? 3. During the dry/rainy season, how is the household water stored? 4. How do people in your household clean the water storage container? 5. Who within the household usually collects the water? 6. During the dry/rainy season, how often do they collect water? 7. During the dry/rainy season how long does it take to get drinking water and come back home without stopping? 8. What kind of water treatment does your household perform to make the water safe to drink after collecting it?

1. For adult members in your household what is the most frequently used type of toilet? 2. How do member in your household clean the toilet (feces) out of the nappy (diaper) of infants? 3. Do people in your household toilet (feces) in the same location where the household drinking water is collected? 4. Do people in your household wash in the same water they drink from? 5. Does your household have soap and water for washing hands after toilet? 6. Does your household have soap and water for washing hands before eating?

 Mckenzie, J., Neiger, B., & Thackeray, R. (2009). Planning, Implementing, & Evaluating; Health Promotion Programs (5 th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Pearson Education  World health Organization (2012). Water supply, sanitation and hygiene development. Retrieved from ene/en/ ene/en/  Kun, Y., LeJeune, J., Alsdorf, D., Bo, L., Shum, C., & Song, L. (2012). Global Distribution of -Outbreaks of Water –Associated Infectious Disease.PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6(2), 1-9. doi: /journal.pntd