MOOD Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive

Indicative and Imperative are very straight forward… Indicative (Indicates something) Pizza is served on Fridays. (That’s a fact.) I love pizza. (That’s an opinion.) Do you love pizza? (That’s a question.) Imperative (direct command or direct request) The subject “you” is implied. Eat your pizza. (That’s an order.) Please eat your pizza. (That’s a request.)

Keep it simple… Rule out indicative and imperative first. Subjunctive mood tends to sound more formal or snooty. I suggest that you be on time from now on. (Hear that “Queen of England” voice.)

What is mood? LIFE DEFINITION LITERATURE DEFINITION How you are feeling at a given time LITERATURE DEFINITION The reader’s emotional response The atmosphere of a story

“Mood” in Grammar DEFINITION: The form a verb takes to indicate the ATTITUDE of the person using the verb.

Tense, Voice, Mood TENSE – shows time (past, present, future) VOICE – shows who’s doing an action or having action done to them MOOD – shows attitude (telling a fact, giving a command, expressing a wish)

Indicative Mood Expresses a fact, opinion, or question It is 84 degrees in here. (fact) I think I am going to pass out. (opinion) Can we please turn the heat down? (question)

Imperative Mood Direct command or request Show me the money. Give me the money. Don’t call the police. *The subject “You” is implied.

Subjunctive Mood PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE: PAST SUBJUNCTIVE: To express a suggestion, a necessity, or an indirect command/order PAST SUBJUNCTIVE: To express an untrue condition, or a wish or desire.

What does the subjunctive mood look like? Common verbs: When these verbs are you used in the first clause of a sentence, a subjunctive verb tense occurs later in the sentence: ask, demand, determine, insist, move, order, pray, prefer, recommend, regret, request, require, suggest, and wish.

For example: I recommend that you be on time the rest of the year. *Not- I recommend that you are on time the rest of the year. I prefer that he wear cleats during practice. I prefer that he wears cleats during practice.

More examples… Her mom insisted that she play tomorrow night. Not- Her mom insisted that she plays tomorrow night. I suggest that he cooperate with the police. Not- I suggest that he cooperates with the police

Which one is correct? I insist that Michael arrive early. I insist that Michael arrives early I suggest that he cooperates with the police. . I suggest that he cooperate with the police

Which one is correct? I wish you were in my English class. I wish you was in my English class. If I was you, I wouldn’t do that. If I were you, I wouldn’t do that.

What mood? Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive? Maria translates articles into Spanish. (indicative) I wish you were here. (subjunctive) Bring me the towels. (imperative) I suggest that you be quiet now. (subjunctive) Please be quiet. (imperative) The coach asked that each player practice twice each day. (subjunctive) The coach wishes the rugby team (were) more motivated. (subjunctive)

Participles A participle is a verbal that functions as an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun. A participle requires a comma to set off an introductory participle or participial phrase. A present participle ends in ing. Using a new keyboard, I improved my data entry speed. A past participle ends in ed for regular verbs. Determined to learn the software, she asked Lynn for help.

Infinitives Consists of the present part of a verb plus the word to. Cannot stand alone as the verb in a sentence. Requires use of a comma for setting off introductory infinitive phrases that are not subjects. Functions as a noun, adjective, or an adverb.

Infinitive Examples: To learn a new software package requires patience. To feel confident using presentation software, practice and time the slide show. I wanted to design a Website. If you are available at 3 p.m., I will show you an Internet database to search.

Gerunds A gerund is a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun. Using spreadsheet software simplifies financial calculations. Anthony enjoyed teaching software programs. We appreciated your sending the new software documentation. The manager was unaware of Kim’s designing of the Web page.