Light level as an environmental cue for foraging in Red Harvester Ants Zoe Henrichs & Matt Brown.

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Presentation transcript:

Light level as an environmental cue for foraging in Red Harvester Ants Zoe Henrichs & Matt Brown

Test Organism Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Purpose & Hypothesis Investigation into the environmental cues influencing foraging behaviour and activity. To test light level as foraging inducer Hypothesized most activity would be seen in starved ants under brightest light.

Materials & Methods Ants kept under 24-hour dark cycle. Red light used as control Timed ants dispersal to the other end of chamber under varying light intensities 10 trials at every intensity, 5 minute limit

Results Mean time of starved vs. non-starved groups at varying light intensities

Results

Starved vs Non-starved Non starved Starved

Discussion Results contradicted hypothesis (Denebourgh, Depickere and Fresneau 2004) Slower mean times at high light intensity No even distribution of results Overlap in SD Variance of results Small sample number

Discussion Ways to improve future studies Control temperatures (Cole et al 2013) Separate brood-tenders and foragers (Deneubourg, Depikere and Fresneau 2005) Stimulation - trail laying and interaction (Bala et al 2013) Many unknowns Effects of environmental cues aren’t widely studied Climate change and preservation

Time to complete trial (red vs normal light)

% failing to complete the trial

References Bala A, Gordon D, Holmes S, Merrell A, Stumpe M, Queirolo J, Pinter-Wollman N Harvester ants use interactions to regulate forager activation and availability. Animal Behavior Cole B, Huber Z, Smith A, Wiernasz D The structure of foraging activity in colonies of the harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex occidentalis. Behavioral Ecology Deneubourg J., Detrain C., Mailleux A Triggering and persistence of trail-laying in foragers of the ant Lasius niger. Journal of Insect Physiology Deneubourg J., Depickere S., Fresneau D The influence of red light on the aggregation of the ant Lasius niger. Journal of Insect Physiology Gordon D Ants at work: how an insect society is organized. Philosophy of Science Hemmi J, Narendra A, Reid S The twilight zone: ambient light levels trigger activity in primitive ants. Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 227:

References Hobbs R.J Harvester ant foraging and plant species distribution in annual grassland. Oecologia Ingram K, Kleeman L, Peteru S Differential regulation of the foraging gene associated with task behaviors in harvester ants. BMC Ecology Jayatilaka P, Narendra A, Radershall C, Zeil J Individual foraging patterns of the jack jumper ant Myrmecia croslandi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News Rosengren R., Fortelius W Light : dark induced activity rhythms in Formica ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomol. Gener. 11, 221–228. Ruano F, Soler J, Tinaut A High surface temperatures select for individual foraging in ants. Behavioral Ecology Traniello, J. 1989: Foraging strategies of ants. Annual review of Entomology. 34: