Building atoms Lab Handouts.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Elements & Atoms Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed from experimental evidence. As more evidence was collected, the theory and models.

Advertisements

Democritus Dalton 3. JJ Thomson 4. Rutherford 5. Bohr 6. Chadwick

ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND HISTORY

Section 4.1—Development of Atomic Theory

4-1: Introduction to Atoms

THE ROAD TO THE ATOM.

Atomic Theory “History of. . . ”.

Democritus: The Atom (around 400 BCE)

The History of the Atom.

History of the Atomic Theory

History of Atomic Theory

AIM: Models of the Atom DO NOW:

The History of Atomic Theory

Chapter 4: Glow in the Dark

Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table

Atomic Structure History of Atomic Theory. Democritus ( BC) Was the first person to come up with the idea of atom Believed that all matter was.

Early Theories & Subatomic Particles ( )

History of Atomic Structure

Atomic Theory-Democritus

Atomic Models Atomic Models Please wait to turn in your homework! Be in your seat when the bell rings!

Atom Models From Democritus to Bohr’s.

Chapter 4: Discovery of Atomic Structure. Prentice Hall © 2003Chapter 2 The Discovery of Atomic Structure An ancient Greek named Democritus was the first.

OHHHHH YEAHHHHH.  400 BC Greece-philosophers  Democritus said that there must be something that cannot be divided  He called this particle atomos 

Atomic Models. Democritus This is the Greek philosopher Democritus who began the search for a description of matter more than 2400 years ago. He asked:

Pudding and Clouds EQ: How has atomic structure evolved over time?

Understand the experimental design and conclusions used in the

Atomic Models. JOHN DALTON Early 1800’s Thought atoms were smooth, hard balls that could not be broken into smaller pieces. All elements are made of atoms.

TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea:  There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would.

Chapter 4: Atomic Structure

Particles, Nuclei, and Isotopes

Developing a Model of the Atom The History of Atomic Theory.

Investigating Atoms and Atomic Theory Atoms cannot be divided using chemicals. They do consist of parts, which include protons, neutrons, and electrons,

Section 1- Discovering the parts of the atom

9.9 Warm Up Answer the following questions in your lab book: 1.What is all stuff made out of? 2.What is the previous answer made out of? What is the simplest.

Atomic Theory 15,000 kilotons.  Dismissed idea of the atom. Early Greeks Two schools of thought:  Matter is made of indestructible particles called.

History of the Atom Democritus Democritus: It was 400 BC when he came up with the idea that matter could not be divided indefinitely. This lead to the.

EARLY MODELS OF THE ATOM Models of Matter A model is a tentative description of a system or theory that accounts for all of its known properties Models.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure

The Development of the Atomic Theory. Dalton’s Atomic Theory founder of the atomic theory atoms in Greek means indivisible, indestructible 1.All matter.

Atomic Theory Chemistry I Chapter 3. Dalton’s Atomic Theory Dalton developed a theory to explain why the elements in a compound always join in the same.

Atoms and Their Structure Early Greek Theories 400 B.C. - Democritus crushed substances in400 B.C. - Democritus crushed substances in his mortar and.

The Atomic Theory Democritus Dalton 440 B.C. – Thought matter was made of tiny particles – Believed these particles could not be cut into anything smaller.

Atomic Theory Chapter 4 Section 1. Standards  Imbedded Inquiry  Recognize that science is a progressive endeavor that reevaluates and extends what is.

The Atom. Dalton’s Atomic Theory 1.Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms. 2.All atoms of a given element are identical. 3.The atoms of a given.

History of the Atomic Model

Chapter 4: Section 1.  The Atom is the smallest particle of an element.

Structure of an Atom Nucleus: Nucleus:Proton.

Roy Kennedy Massachusetts Bay Community College Wellesley Hills, MA Introductory Chemistry, 2 nd Edition Nivaldo Tro Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements 2006,

Atomic Structure Where our ideas of the atom come from and what we know now.

History of Atoms Notes Use the information on each slide to fill in the blanks on the student notes.

Historical Development of an Atom. Democritus B.C Democritus was a Greek philosopher ( B.C.) who is the father of modern atomic thought.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM.  All atoms consist of 2 regions:  1) Nucleus: very small region located near the center of the atom  Proton: positively.

Can you match the scientists’ names to their pictures? Democritus Dalton JJ Thomson Rutherford Bohr De Broglie Schrodinger.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATOMIC THEORY Atom- smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance Called the building blocks.

UNIT 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. 1. Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. 2. All atoms of a given element are identical.

Atomic Theory Bellwork. Early Atomic Theory Democritus’ Atomic Theory – All matter consists of invisible particles called atoms. – Atoms are indestructible.

AIM: Models of the Atom DO NOW: Element Y has two isotopes: Y-27 and Y-29. Y-27 has an abundance of 43% and Y-29 has an abundance of 57%. What is the average.

Aim: Models of the Atom.

Atomic Structure Scale of the Universe.

SCH3U Unit 1: Matter, Chemical Trends and Chemical Bonding

Models of the Atom S Investigate the historical progression of the atomic model. Include: Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, Bohr, quantum model.

Theories of the Atom.

UNDERSTANDING THE PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS

4.1 & 4.2 Early Theories & Subatomic Particles

SCH3U Unit 1: Matter, Chemical Trends and Chemical Bonding

Atomic Structure.

Presentation transcript:

Building atoms Lab Handouts

Atomic model A Nuclear Model In this model, the atom is not a solid sphere. It consists of small pieces called electrons and a dense nucleus in the center of the atom with a positive charge. The electrons circle around the nucleus. The electrons are tiny, and negatively charged, while the nucleus is quite massive and positively charged. Most of the atom is empty space occupied momentarily by fast moving electrons

Atomic Model B Billiard Ball Model In this model the atom is a solid sphere that can not be divided up into smaller particles or pieces. The atom is neutral and has no charge. Atoms of the same element are identical and different from atoms of all other elements.

Atomic Model C Electron Cloud Model f. There is a lot of empty space between the electrons and the nucleus. g. The electrons are outside the nucleus h. The electrons are located in certain regions around the nucleus called clouds The atom consists of small pieces called electrons, protons, and neutrons. Electron have negative charges, protons have positive charge, and neutrons have no charge. The neutrons have a mass identical to protons. Protons and neutrons are concentrated in the center of the atom. This center is called a nucleus

Atomic Model D Plum Pudding Model d. Since no other particles were known at this time, the rest of the atom consisted of positively charged stuff. In this model, the atom is a sphere containing negatively charged particles embedded in it. These small negatively charged particles were originally called “corpuscles” and later called electrons. However it was also recognized that the atom was neutral (no negatively charged so there must be an equal positive charge in the atom to offset the charge of the electrons

Model E Solar System Model g. There is lots of empty space between the electrons In this model, the atom consists of small pieces call electrons and protons. Each electron has a negative charge. The protons are concentrated in the center of the atom. The center is called the nucleus. The nucleus is massive and heavy compared to the electrons, which are really small. The electrons are located at specific distances from the nucleus.

Dalton’s Atomic Model Proposed around 1803 Experimental evidence Model: The atom is a solid sphere that cannot be divided up into smaller particles or pieces. John Dalton studied how the elements combine chemically to form compounds. He observed that elements combine in whole-number ratios form compounds and that matter is not created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

J.J.Thomson’s Atomic Model Proposed around 1897 Experiment evidence The atom can be divided up into a fluid and electrons. Most of the atom is made of the fluid. The fluid spreads out in the atom and is positively charged. The electrons are tiny and negatively charged. Thomson zapped atoms with electricity. He observed that negatively charged particles were removed.

Rutherford’s Model of the atom Proposed around 1911 Experiment evidence The atom can be divided into a nucleus and electrons. The nucleus occupies a very small amount of space in the center of the atom. The nucleus is dense and positively charged. The electrons circle around the nucleus. The electrons are tiny and negatively charged. Most of the atom is empty space Rutherford shot tiny positively charged particles, called alpha particles, at thin gold foil. He observed that most of the alpha particles went through the foil, but a few bounced back, which means those that rebound must have hit something dense.

Bohr’s Theory of the atom (with an assist by Rutherford) Experimental evidence Proposed 1913-1918 Developed to explain why light was given off when elements are exposed to flame or electric fields. Bohr reasoned that electrons orbit at different nucleus, each orbit requiring a different amount of energy to maintain. When electron change orbits to one with a lower energy requirement, light is given off as energy. Rutherford use his alpha particles to knock positively charged particles from the nucleus The atom is divided into nucleus and electrons. Nucleus is massive and positively charged. The electrons (tiny, negatively charged)circle around the nucleus in specific orbits. Different electrons are in orbits at different distances from the nucleus Protons (+ charged) are contained in nucleus

Heisenberg’s Theory of an atom (With Chadwick identifying the Neutron) Proposed 1927-1932 Probability An electron cloud surrounds the nucleus. The cloud is made up of fast moving electrons, which can not be precisely located at any single moment of time. The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons (which are as large as protons ,but have no charge)

Evidence Piece #1 It is possible to remove a negatively charged particle from an atom using electrical forces COMPARE ONLY MODELS B and D

Evidence Piece #2 If a tiny particle is shot into the middle of an atom, it hits something dense in the center and bounces back in the direction it came from. If a tiny particle is shot into the edges of an atom, it passes through. Most tiny particles shot at an atom will go through COMPARE ONLY MODELS A and D

Evidence Piece #3 Individual atoms are not attracted to a negatively charge. They are also not attracted to a positive charge. COMPARE ONLY MODELS B and C

Evidence Piece #4 The farther away from the center of an atom the negatively charged particles are, the easier they are to remove from the atom. COMPARE ONLY MODELS A and E

Evidence Piece #5 Neutral particles can be found in the center of the atom. These neutral particles account for roughly half of the mass of the atom. COMPARE ONLY MODELS A and C

Evidence Piece #6 Electrons can not be precisely located at any specific instant in time as they move around the nucleus. Though they stay a constant distance away from the nucleus, they do not follow any specific or repeating orbit. COMPARE ONLY MODELS C and E