Who was John Marshall?  The Democratic-Republican victory in the 1800 election began a long run of Republican political success.  In spite of Federalists'

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Presentation transcript:

Who was John Marshall?  The Democratic-Republican victory in the 1800 election began a long run of Republican political success.  In spite of Federalists' departure from most elective offices, they remained a powerful force in American life especially through their leading position among federal judges.

Who was John Marshall?  In the final months of Adams' administration he enlarged the federal judiciary and appointed many new judges.  In the view of Governor Morris, a Federalist senator from New York, this created an independent judiciary necessary "to save the people from their most dangerous enemy, themselves.“

Who was John Marshall?  "MIDNIGHT APPOINTMENTS"  In Jefferson's view, the Federalists "retired into the judiciary as a stronghold... and from that battery all the works of Republicanism are to be beaten down and destroyed."  The most influential of Adams' final judicial appointments in 1801 was naming John Marshall as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.  He held that position until his death in 1835  Shaped the court's decisions and dramatically raised its stature.

Who was John Marshall?  He also defined the basic relationship of the judiciary to the rest of the federal government.  His forceful actions as Chief Justice set the Supreme Court on a course it has continued to follow for the next two centuries.  Marshall was guided by a strong commitment to judicial power and by a belief in the supremacy of national over state legislatures.  His judicial vision was very much in keeping with the Federalist political program

Marbury v. Madison (1803) U.S. v. Peters (1809) Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1816) Cohens v. Virginia (1821 McCullough v. Maryland (1819) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824). Fletcher v. Peck (1810) B. Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) Martin v. Mott (1827) We will examine the following landmark Supreme Court cases

Name ___________________________ Supreme Court Case: ___________________________________________ Background: Issue(s): Court Decision(s): Chief Justice - _______________________________ Legal Impact of the Decision: Refer to Supreme Court Worksheet

Small Group Activity  Learning Stations  Classroom will be divided up into nine learning stations  Each station will focus on one specific landmark case decided by the Marshall Court  Use your Supreme Court worksheet to complete task

Major Goals of Marshall  Increase the powers of the national government  Diminish the powers of the states  Perpetuate the Federalist principle of centralization. Legacy of Marshall  Established the primacy of federal government over states in exercising control of economy  Opened the way for an increased federal role in promoting economic growth  Affirmed protection for corporations and other private economic institutions from local governmental interference. This allowed for the growth of the new industrial capitalist economy. Homework  In summary format (one or two paragraphs each)  Address the following: