Human Psychoacoustics shows ‘tuning’ for frequencies of speech If a tree falls in the forest and no one is there to hear it, will it make a sound?

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Presentation transcript:

Human Psychoacoustics shows ‘tuning’ for frequencies of speech If a tree falls in the forest and no one is there to hear it, will it make a sound?

Simple Sounds (A Pure Tone) Air What do ‘speakers’ do?

Complex Sounds

Fourier Analysis  Most Complex Sounds Are Composites of Multiple ‘Simple’ Frequencies  Fundamentals and Harmonics  Sound Complexity: Perceived ‘psychologically’ as TIMBRE (sound quality). Timbre is a function of the number, intensity, and duration of harmonic frequencies associated with a complex sound ‘complex’ sound wave‘simple’ sound wave

Fourier Analysis of a Complex Sound Wave = Fundamental (pitch) Harmonics (timbre) Is there an easier way to see this?

Fourier Analysis 500 Hz 1000 Hz 1500 Hz 2000 Hz 2500 Hz Trumpet Time kHz Frequency Spectrogram (linear scale)

Fourier Analysis 500 Hz 1000 Hz Flute Time kHz Frequency Spectrogram (linear scale) Are You Ready For Some...

= Fourier Synthesis: 5 values encode the waveform (high quality) Digital (CD) Audio: 2 values encode the waveform (very low quality) 18 values encode the waveform (med quality) Low sample rateMed sample rate = or Requires multi-voice (multi-frequency) synthesizer In this example, a ‘5-voice’ synthesizer would be needed

+ + ++= Fourier Synthesis: Modeling an ‘acoustic’ instrument = However, since each frequency is produced independently, harmonic frequencies can be manipulated directly to create completely new timbres not possible with acoustic instruments: the birth of techno ! Amplitude modulation of high freq harmonic

Fourier Analysis 500 Hz 1000 Hz 1500 Hz 2000 Hz 2500 Hz Synth Time kHz Frequency Spectrogram

A E I O U Guess who else does amplitude modulation of harmonics? The ‘raw’ complex sound waves for each vowel sound Fourier Analysis breaks each complex sound wave into individual frequency components