Infectious Diseases Unit 5 Lesson 5 plan

Do now Brainstorm in your table groups – What’s in a vaccine?

They stimulate an infectious agent – without being dangerous How do vaccines work? They stimulate an infectious agent – without being dangerous

A vaccine tricks the immune system into responding: 1. 2 T cell The antigen-presenting cell activates the Helper T cell B cell B The activated Helper T cell stimulates the B cell to make memory B cells and antibodies But the antigen can’t cause disease – its inert!

Four Ways to Make an Inert Antigen Virus that has been completely Inactivated (killed). 1. Usually done with heat or chemicals Danger is that they are not all killed

Four Ways to Make an Inert Antigen -The virus can be weakened (attenuated) -You take away the genes that cause infection or toxins -Problem is those often code for the antigen as well -Smallpox made like this Virus that has been weakened (attenuated).

Four Ways to Make an Inert Antigen Virus that has been genetically engineered so it is not infective (recombinant virus). 4. Parts of a virus that have been genetically engineered (recombinant protein) 3. Four Ways to Make an Inert Antigen -This is just the antigens themselves -But they often don’t activate the innate immune system -So must stimulate the immune system with and adjuvant -Tetanus made like this

Four Ways to Make an Inert Antigen 1. 2. Virus that has been genetically engineered so it is not infective (recombinant virus). 4. 3. Four Ways to Make an Inert Antigen You have control over everything But that’s a lot of engineering Currently scientists are trying to make artificial viruses

Which antigen would be best? Virus that has been completely Inactivated (killed). 1. been weakened (attenuated). 2. Virus that has been genetically engineered so it is not infective (recombinant virus). 4. Parts of a virus that have been genetically engineered (recombinant protein) 3.

This One! Probably the best way since you have control over everything Virus that has been completely Inactivated (killed). 1. been weakened (attenuated). 2. Virus that has been genetically engineered so it is not infective (recombinant virus). 4. Parts of a virus that have been genetically engineered (recombinant protein) 3. This One! Probably the best way since you have control over everything But again it is the hardest

What makes a good vaccine? Brainstorm in your table groups –

What makes a good vaccine? Protection Sterilizing – Totally prevented or cleared by the immune system vs Non-sterilizing immunity – Pathogen is controlled and disarmed, but stays in your system Number of doses Is one shot enough? Immunological memory Do you need to be revaccinated every year? Practicality Does it need refrigeration? Economical Is it affordable? What makes a good vaccine?

The Great Debate Are vaccines worth the risk? -Take the rest of the period to prepare for the debate by reviewing the materials -Be prepared to take both sides of the issue –It is worth the risk and it is not worth the risk -Remember – everything you say must be based on a source – no opinions!

Homework Study for your test! (And have a great vacation)