HOW OUR KNOWLEDGE and APPLICATION of EQUINE NUTRITION SETS US APART FROM THE REST Daniel J. Burke, Ph.D. Director of Equine Nutrition Tribute Equine Nutrition Kalmbach Feeds, Inc Upper Sandusky, Ohio Copyright Kalmbach Feeds, Inc. 2013

The FASTEST growing HORSE NUTRITION company in the Nation THE POWER OF RESULTS! The FASTEST growing HORSE NUTRITION company in the Nation

ESSENTIAL K with KALM ULTRA

Understanding the NRC 2007 Recommendations Stated as AMOUNTS not % or Concentration Reflects TOTAL DIET – supplied by forage and concentrate ("grain") combined Does not distinguish between Limiting vs. Non-Limiting nutrients Are RECOMMENDATIONS – do not have to follow VIEW - MINIMUMS or AVERAGES?

Need to address NSC (as well as all other nutrients) in AMOUNTS not % DISSENT on PERCENT Need to address NSC (as well as all other nutrients) in AMOUNTS not % 75% NSC 75% NSC

Nutrient Requirements: A RANGE not a specific number Kronfeld: Clinical Assessment of the Nutritional Status of Horses Calories Amino Acids

WELL-DESIGNED CONCENTRATE TOTAL DIET Mostly Grass Hay balanced with WELL-DESIGNED CONCENTRATE Horse in Light Work

WELL-DESIGNED CONCENTRATE TOTAL DIET Mostly Grass Hay balanced with WELL-DESIGNED CONCENTRATE Horse in Moderate Work

What about nutrients and types of horses not addressed by NRC 2007?? Disease states like tying-up, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, ulcers, Cushing’s Syndrome, arthritis, DOD etc. “Senior” or age among adult horses Amino Acids vs. protein Gender differences

Research and Development Partner in Cooperative Research Farms (CRF) Largest group-owned, independent research organization in the world Cutting edge nutritional research Sugar & Starch (“NSC” = non-structural carbohydrates) Amino Acids vs. Protein Our products incorporate the most advanced nutritional ideas

Nutritional Design - Fixed Formulations INGREDIENTS: Dehulled Soybean Meal, Ground Extruded Whole Soybeans, Dehydrated Alfalfa Meal, Wheat Flour, Wheat Middlings, Dried Whey, Cane Molasses, Monocalcium Phosphate, Dicalcium Phosphate, Calcium Carbonate, Soybean Oil, Lignin Sulfonate, Magnesium Oxide, L-Lysine, DL-Methionine, Salt, Potassium Sulfate, Magnesium Sulfate, Potassium Chloride, Vitamin A Supplement, Vitamin E Supplement, Vitamin D Supplement, Biotin, Folic Acid, Vitamin B-12 Supplement, Pantothenic Acid, Niacin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Complex (Source of Vitamin K), Riboflavin, Ascorbic Acid, Choline Chloride, Zinc Sulfate, Ferrous Sulfate, Manganese Sulfate, Copper Sulfate, Ethylenediamine Dihydriodide, Cobalt Sulfate, Sodium Selenite, Selenium Yeast, Copper Proteinate, Zinc Proteinate, Manganese Proteinate, Active Dry Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Brewers Dried Yeast, Dried Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation Solubles, Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate, Silicon Dioxide, Propionic Acid, and Natural and Artificial Flavor.

Nutritional Design State of the art AMINO ACID BALANCE Crude Protein (Min.) ....................28.0% Lysine (Min.) ...................................2.2% Methionine (Min.)............................0.6% Methionine & Cystine (Min.) .........1.0% Threonine (Min.)..............................1.2% Crude Protein (Min.) ....................14.0% Lysine (Min.) ..................................0.75% Methionine (Min.)...........................0.22% Methionine & Cystine (Min.) .........0.5% Threonine (Min.)..............................0.5%

Nutritional Design (cont.) Optimal Levels of Organic (chelated) Minerals - absorbed 2-4 times better than inorganic minerals! Copper (Cu) (Min.) ...................200 ppm Listed as: Copper Proteinate Zinc (Zn) (Min...........................400 ppm Listed as: Zinc Proteinate Selenium (Se) (Min.)..................1.5 ppm Listed as: Selenium Yeast Manganese (Mn) (Min.) ...........240 ppm Listed as: Manganese Proteinate

PROBIOTICS? A horse on a consistent diet, not under stress, will have a “normal” population of bacteria, protozoa and fungi in the hindgut (cecum and large colon) maintained by a normal pH (acidity) Diet changes (even hay), high NSC diets, work and trailering can alter the pH of the gut which can destroy the beneficial bacteria and allow pathogenic (disease-causing) bacteria to flourish Issues with just adding the beneficial bacteria to the diet: No proof they make it through the gauntlet of the pH 2 stomach and protein-digesting, 70 foot long small intestine (bacteria are made of PROTEIN!) If they DO get to the hindgut, they are dumped in to the same destructive pH pool that caused the problem in the first place! They won’t survive!

Addition of Equi-FermÒ XL to ALL Tribute Products APPROVED IN E.U. FOR HORSES! Microencapsulated – stable to processing and transit through horse’s GI tract overall gut health and pH stability by selecting for lactic acid CONSUMERS and selecting against lactic acid PRODUCERS improved fiber digestibility addresses the growth and maintenance of beneficial bacteria more so than the mere addition of the bacteria themselves (DFM).

Research Proven Benefits of Equi-FermÒ XL Provides a direct source of nutrients (vitamins, amino acids) to the beneficial bacteria Reduces the incidence of abnormal behaviour such as wood chewing or wind sucking Improves weight gain in young growing horses Highly palatable

TRIBUTE EQUINE NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL WELLNESS SYSTEM 1 2 3 Copyright Kalmbach Feeds, Inc. 2012

TRIBUTE EQUINE NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL WELLNESS SYSTEM Application: Body Fat - Fat over the RIBS per the Henneke System as primary indicator of insufficient or excess calories (WITHERS would be secondary) Metabolic Issues (i.e. metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance) Presence of Fat Deposits: Over the Crest Behind the Shoulder Blade On Either Side of the Tailhead Topline Score to indicate amino acid status

TRIBUTE EQUINE NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL WELLNESS SYSTEM Separates the need for calories from the requirements for “non-calorie” nutrients (amino acids, vitamins, minerals) Addresses the correct AMOUNT and SOURCE of calories for a particular horse – NSC versus fat and digestible fiber Allows us to react to individual differences in amino acid needs separate from calorie needs

INDICATORS OF METABOLIC ISSUES

TOPLINE MUSCLE SCORING SYSTEM 4 3 2 1 2 2 1

T.E.N. TOPLINE MUSCLE SCORING SYSTEM 4 3 2 1

FLAGSHIP PRODUCT

HIGHEST SELLING PRODUCTS

Helping your customers find the right Tribute product - Questions What type of hay are you currently feeding? What is the hay quality like? Soft ? Good smelling? Green? Not dusty or moldy? If poor quality hay (stemmy, little green color etc.) recommend higher fiber products like KALM N EZ, MATURITY PELLET/TEXTURED If hay is 50% or higher in legume, recommend “ALFA” products

Helping your customers find the right Tribute product – Questions (cont.) What grain (concentrate) product are you currently feeding? How much per day or per feeding? If 3 pounds or less per day, recommend ESSENTIAL K If more than 3 pounds, go on to situations in feeding chart

SUMMARY Nutritional Design Fixed Formulations TRULY based on forage (“Forage First”) All Tribute Products are Designed Using the new NRC 2007 Recommendations!! NO NEED FOR EXPENSIVE NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS Product Consistency Manufactured in one State-of-the-Art Facility Rigorous testing of incoming ingredients and final products

Product Recommendations SUMMARY (CONT.) Cost and Nutrition Compare COST or NUTRITION at RECOMMENDED FEEDING RATES Talk in TOTAL NUTRIENT INTAKE not PERCENTS Product Recommendations Utilize TRIBUTE EQUINE NUTRITION PRODUCT SELECTION GUIDE in PRODUCT MENU booklet Utilize CUSTOM FEEDING CHARTS for ESSENTIAL K and “Full Feeds”

QUESTIONS???