Distributed Power Systems ELCT 908 Instructor: Prof. Yasser G. Hegazy Email: Yasser.higazi@guc.edu.eg Office: C3, #319

The Course This course introduces IET students to an important engineering topic that’s closely related to their field in real life. Students learn electric power engineering concepts and develop technical expertise in this specialized field.

Power Systems Power systems are responsible for generating electrical power, transmitting this power and then distributing it to customers at voltage levels and reliability that are appropriate to various users.

System Layout Generation Transmission Distribution Customer Service Different Technologies Extra High Voltage Medium and Low voltage

Directions of Research Power system analysis. Power system planning. Power system control. Power system protection. Power quality. Load management. Distributed generation.

Structure Of The Course System Protection System Analysis and Control Three Phase and Per-unit systems Modeling of system Components

Course Syllabus Introduction. [1 lecture ] Modeling of Power system components. [3 lectures] The Per- unit system. [1 lecture ] Power flow analysis and control. [2 lectures] Short circuit analysis [2 lectures] System protection [1 lecture ] Distributed Generation. [1 lecture ]

Marking Scheme Quizzes (Best 2 of 3) 10 Tutorial Assignments Reports 15 Mid Term Examination 25 Examination and Lab. Final 40 Total 100

Schedule of Classes Lectures: Tuesdays , 3rd slot in H10. ► Instructor office hours every Sunday from 11:00 to 1:00 p.m. Tutorials : Tuesdays , 5th slot in H10 .

References “Electrical Energy Systems”, Mohamed El-Hawary, CRC Press 2000, ISBN 0-8493-2191-3. “AC Power Systems Handbook”, Jerry Whitaker, CRC Press 1999, ISBN 0-8493-7414-6. Journals and Conferences papers.

Overview What is a Power System? What is the function of the system? Power system includes all parts of an electric system power sources and customers. The Function of the system is to generate power , transmit this power and to distribute it to customers at voltage levels and reliability that are appropriate to various users.

Thermal Power Station

Gas Power Station

Hydraulic Power Station

System Components What are the main component of a power system? Generation plants HV Substations Transmission Lines Bulk power Substations Distribution system

Single Line Diagram

Voltage levels Generation: 1kV-30 kV EHV Transmission: 500kV-765kV Subtransmission system: 69kV-169kV Distribution system: 120V-35kV

Overview Power plants convert the energy stored in the fuel or hydro into electric energy. The energy is supplied through step-up transformers to the electric network. Power systems are comprised of 3 basic electrical subsystems. Generation subsystem Transmission subsystem Distribution subsystem

High Voltage Network High-voltage networks, consist of transmission lines, connects the power plants and high-voltage substations in parallel. This network permits load sharing among power plants The typical voltage of the network is between 240 and 700 kV. The high-voltage substations are located near the load centers.

Subtransmission Network The subtransmission system connects the high-voltage substations to the distribution substations. The typical voltage of the subtransmission system is between 138 and 69 kV. In high load density areas, the subtransmission system uses a network configuration that is similar to the high voltage network. In medium and low load density areas, the loop or radial connection is used.

Distribution Network The distribution system has two parts, primary and secondary. The primary distribution system consists of overhead lines or underground cables, which are called feeders. The feeders supply the distribution transformers that step the voltage down to the secondary level. The secondary distribution system contains overhead lines or underground cables supplying the consumers directly by single- or three-phase power.

One Line Diagram