Objective: SWBAT understand how DNA technology influenced the area of Forensics Using this picture as a guide, explain how gel electrophoresis works.

Quiz on Monday Notebook Checks on Thursdays

DNA fingerprinting Because DNA is as unique to you as your fingerprints, the term used to analyze human DNA is called DNA fingerprinting Four main steps Extracting DNA Cutting DNA Sorting segments Analyzing the results

DNA fingerprinting Because DNA is as unique to you as your fingerprints, the term used to analyze human DNA is called DNA fingerprinting Four main steps Extracting DNA Cutting DNA Sorting segments Analyzing the results

DNA fingerprinting Because DNA is as unique to you as your fingerprints, the term used to analyze human DNA is called DNA fingerprinting Four main steps Extracting DNA Cutting DNA Sorting segments Analyzing the results

Isolation of DNA Break down membranes to reach DNA Break down proteins to release DNA Separate DNA from mixture Once the DNA is isolated, it is able to be characterized

2. Cutting the DNA The whole DNA molecule is too complex to characterize Characterize pieces of fragments of DNA

Restriction Enzymes- found in bacteria used to cut DNA in smaller fragments A restriction enzyme will recognize a specific sequence of bases and cut the DNA molecule at a specific point

For example Restriction Enzyme - Cuts between G and C T T T G C C C A A AA C G G G T TTTG CCCA AAAC GGGT 1 2

For example Restriction Enzyme - EcoRi Finds the sequence GAATTC Cuts between G and A G A A T T C C T T A A G G A T T T G A T T C C G A T T C C T A A A C T A A G G C T A A G

For example Restriction Enzyme - EcoRi Finds the sequence GAATTC Cuts between G and A G A A T T C C T T A A G G A T T T G A T T C C G A T T C C T A A A C T A A G G C T A A G

For example Restriction Enzyme - EcoRi Finds the sequence GAATTC Cuts between G and A G A A T T C C T T A A G G A T T T G A T T C C G A T T C C T A A A C T A A G G C T A A G 1 2 3

RFLP R- Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA into F- fragments that are many different L- lengths and exhibits P- polymorphism (‘many shapes’)

Simulation of RFLP Purpose In this activity you will take a long strand of simulated DNA and use simulated restriction enzymes to cut the strand and make a DNA fingerprint. Using a comparison of fragments lengths, you will then analyze the DNA fingerprints to determine the perpetrator of a crime

Simulation of RFLP Purpose In this activity you will take a long strand of simulated DNA and use simulated restriction enzymes to cut the strand and make a DNA fingerprint. Using a comparison of fragments lengths, you will then analyze the DNA fingerprints to determine the perpetrator of a crime

Post-lab Questions Answer in complete sentences and turn in on separate sheet of paper SUMMARIZE THE PURPOSE OF THIS LAB INTO YOUR OWN WORDS WHICH SUSPECT IS THE PERPORTRATOR? WHY ARE RESTRICTION ENZYMES USED FOR DNA FINGERPRINTING? IS CUTTING BETWEEN THE A AND G ON THE TOP SEQUENCE THE SAME AS CUTTING BETWEEN THE G AND A ON THE BOTTOM SEQUENCE? EXPLAIN OR ILLUSTRATE DESCRIBE THE STEPS USED BY SCIENTIST TO MAKE A DNA FINGERPRINT. SHOW HOW THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCES WOULD BE CUT BY THE RESTRICTION ENZYME Hae III Hae 111 identifies the sequence GGCC and cuts between the G and C GGCCATGGCCATG CCGGTACCGGTAC