John Adams “The Last Federalist Administration” Focus Question: How did tensions between the Federalists and Democratic Republicans increase during Adams’ Presidency?

Election of 1796 Federalist John Adams Democratic-Republican T. Jefferson VERSUSVERSUS

Adams is Prez, Jefferson is Vice Prez Electoral Votes: Adams votes Jefferson votes The Constitution stated that the runner up in the presidential election would be named vice president. Based on what you know abut them, how well do you think Adams and Jefferson will work together?

Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 2 PM TRANSPARENCY Progress Monitoring Transparency Which area of the country voted for Adams? Which area of the country voted for Jefferson? What does this show us about America in 1796?

X, Y, Z Affair Adams sent US officials to France for a meeting with their foreign minister (Tallyrand) French officials (X, Y, and Z) demanded the US pay $250,000 to see Tallyrand in person Americans are MAD! The French tried to bribe them! As a result, US-French tensions were at an all-time high for two years As a result, US-French tensions were at an all-time high for two years Popular Phrase: “Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute”

“I think John Adams handled the XYZ affair all wrong. As a Democratic- Republican, I think the French are our FRIENDS!” Thomas Jefferson

“Oh yeah? Well I say you cannot criticize the U.S. Government. And I’m the President, so take that!!” John Adams

The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) 1.Alien Acts ~ allowed the president to arrest or deport any immigrant who spoke out against the government 2.Sedition Act ~ set fines and jail terms for anyone using false statements against the government Sedition ~ encourage people to commit treason What Constitutional Amendment did the Sedition Act violate?

But President Adams, you can’t do that! The Alien & Sedition Acts clearly violate our first amendment rights!! Thomas Jefferson

Political Cartoons: Fighting Over the Sedition Act ANALYZE

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Jefferson and Madison write these in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts Introduced the idea that states have the power to nullify federal laws they felt were unconstitutional Nullification – to reverse; not enforce; void

Election of 1800 “The REVOLUTION of 1800” Federalist John Adams Democratic-Republican T. Jefferson VERSUSVERSUS Significance: Shows a peaceful transfer of power between political parties (Federalist to Democratic-Republican)

The Election of 1800 Jefferson and his running mate Aaron Burr are tied-oops! Speaker of the House of Representatives Alexander Hamilton decides that Jefferson will be President

Election of 1800 results in th Amendment! Presidents and Vice Presidents run on the same ticket (ex: Obama/Biden or McCain/Palin) Presidents and Vice Presidents run on the same ticket (ex: Obama/Biden or McCain/Palin) Now, the 2 nd place finisher does not get to be VP! Now, the 2 nd place finisher does not get to be VP!

Aaron Burr challenges Alexander Hamilton to a duel after the Election. Burr kills Hamilton in a duel in 1804.

Midnight Judges On the night before he leaves office, John Adams appoints several Federalist Judges Why would Adams do this?

Marbury v. Madison Part I Who: William Marbury was supposed to be appointed as one of the Federalist Judges. James Madison (new secretary of state) refuses to deliver the papers. John Marshall (Chief Justice of Supreme Court) decides the case. What: Marbury sues Madison—saying he should become a judge. When: 1803

Marbury v. Madison Part II Decision?: Chief Justice Marshall & the Supreme Court rule that Adams’ actions were unconstitutional. Marbury is not appointed as a judge. Importance?: Increases the power of the Supreme Court- they have the ability to declare an act unconstitutional. ESTABLISHES THE PRECEDENT OF JUDICIAL REVIEW!!

In your groups: Choose a group of 3 students. Select a topic at random (Election of 1796, XYZ Affair, Alien & Sedition Acts, Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions, Election of 1800, Midnight Judges). Create a song (can be rap, country, rock, children’s song, whatever you want!) explaining your specific event. Song must have at least 10 lines and must fully describe the event. Don’t forget to give your song a title! Ready by 10:25 Class Work Grade~ Write all group members’ names! Stuck? Check your notes or textbook pages for details on your topic

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Wrap Up Question Why was the Election of 1800 significant (important)? 2-3 sentences.