How are these like the mantle?

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Presentation transcript:

How are these like the mantle? http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm

Convection Currents! Hot magma rises towards the crust, cooler magma sinks towards the core, and heats up again. This creates a circular movement that moves the oceanic crust and continental crust above. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0dWF_3PYh4

Convection Current Animation: What do you observe? http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/convection.htm

Oceanic vs. Continental Crust http://bmsscience8209.edublogs.org/2013/10/23/week-of-october-18-continental-drift/

Introductory Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrKTuCDierM http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm

3 Types of Boundaries

What are the differences between these pictures? http://clasfaculty.ucdenver.edu/callen/1202/Battle/Build/PlateTectonics/ConvergenceDiag.jpg

3 Types of Boundaries Notes Transform Boundary Divergent Boundary Convergent Boundary

Boundary where plates slide past each other. Transform Boundary Boundary where plates slide past each other.

Hint: A way, or hint, to remember this is the word TRAINS Hint: A way, or hint, to remember this is the word TRAINS. TRAINS and TRANSform are very similar words. Think of 2 trains that travel on different tracks that are parallel to each other. They don’t collide, but slide past each other in opposite directions, just like the plates at a transform boundary.

Transform Boundary Draw this picture in the “Picture box.” Fault Earthquakes

- boundary where plates slide past one another. Transform boundary: - boundary where plates slide past one another. - Faults form at these boundaries http://www.rocksinmyheadtoo.com/Pangea.jpg

Transform boundary: http://www.rocksinmyheadtoo.com/Pangea.jpg

Events that happen at this boundary: Earthquakes Transform Boundary Events that happen at this boundary: Earthquakes

Geographic Features that happen at this boundary: Fault Transform Boundary Geographic Features that happen at this boundary: Fault

How does an earthquake happen at a transform boundary? When plates slide past each other, pressure is applied to the rock and builds up. When enough pressure builds up, huge areas of rock suddenly shift or break, causing an earthquake.

Fault A fault is a crack in Earth’s crust where movement occurs (usually just at a transform boundary).

Earthquake Shaking of the ground due to built up pressure suddenly releasing, causing the ground to shake.

HINT: CONvergent is where plates COMe together. Convergent Boundary HINT: CONvergent is where plates COMe together.

1. Convergent Boundary: continental-continental Boundary where 2 continental plates collide. Since neither can sink, they push up as they collide.

Draw the following picture in the “picture” box for continental-continental.

Convergent; continental-continental http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm

1. Convergent Boundary: continental-continental Events: Earthquakes

1. Convergent Boundary: continental-continental Geographic Features Mountain ranges: formed by colliding plates pushing rock upward for millions of years.

2. Convergent Boundary: continental-oceanic

3. Convergent Boundary: continental-oceanic Where an oceanic plate and continental plate meet. The oceanic crust sinks under the continental crust, going into the mantle.

Draw the following picture in the “Picture” box. Trench Earthquakes

Convergent Boundary: continental-oceanic Events: Earthquakes Crust is destroyed (melts into magma) Oceanic crust subducts

Convergent Boundary: continental-oceanic Geographic Features Volcanoes/volcanic mountains Trench Subduction zone

Convergent Boundary: continental-oceanic Use the following slides to find the vocabulary words for the definitions on your sheet.

Convergent; oceanic-continental http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm

Convergent: Oceanic-Continental http://www.classroomatsea.net/general_science/plate_tectonics/oceanic_constr.html

Convergent boundary: http://geology.com/nsta/convergent-boundary-oceanic-continental.gif How do volcanoes happen? Subduction forms a trench & the area around the trench is called the “subduction zone.” As the oceanic plate is pushed under the continental, it is pushed deeper into the Earth & begins to melt. The melted rock reaches the surface through volcanoes. http://www.rocksinmyheadtoo.com/Pangea.jpg

Volcano: An opening in Earth’s crust through which melted rock, gases, and ash can be released. Are created when an oceanic plate is pushed under the continental & begins to melt. The melted rock reaches the surface through volcanoes.

Volcanic Mountains -Over time the igneous rock builds up, forming -The subduction forces melted rock up through the crust, where it hardens. -Over time the igneous rock builds up, forming volcanic mountains. These can be on the continent or on the ocean floor.

3. Convergent Boundary: oceanic-oceanic

3. Convergent Boundary: oceanic-oceanic Boundary where 2 oceanic plates collide. The more dense plate slides under the less dense plate.

Draw the following picture in the “picture” box. Trench Earthquakes

Convergent; oceanic-oceanic http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm

Convergent; oceanic-oceanic http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm http://www.scec.org/education/k12/learn/plate4.htm

3. Convergent Boundary: oceanic-oceanic Events: Earthquakes Crust is destroyed (melts into magma) Oceanic crust subducts

3. Convergent Boundary: oceanic-oceanic Geographic Features: Volcanic island arc Volcanic islands Underwater volcanoes/volcanic mountain Subduction zone trench

Use the following slides to find the vocabulary words for the definitions on your sheet. They are not necessarily in order. Read carefully.

Underwater volcanoes/volcanic mountain: As the subducting plate melts, the magma rises to the ocean floor, cools & hardens. As it piles up, these are created. Underwater volcano

Volcanic Island: Over more time, the volcanic mountains underwater grow tall enough to rise out of the water and form volcanic islands. Volcanic Island

An arch- shaped mountain belt made of only volcanoes. Volcanic Island Arc: An arch- shaped mountain belt made of only volcanoes. Volcanic Island Arc

Trench: Crack between plates at a convergent boundary. Where the plates come together and subduction happens. Trench Trench Volcanic Island Arc

2. Convergent Boundary: oceanic-oceanic Subduction: process of an oceanic plate sliding under another plate.

Place where an oceanic plate slides under another plate. Subduction Zone: Place where an oceanic plate slides under another plate. Subduction Zone

Where plates move away from each other. Divergent Boundary Where plates move away from each other.

Divergent Boundary

Draw the following picture in the “Picture” box. Divergent Boundary: Draw the following picture in the “Picture” box. Mid-ocean ridge Rift valley where magma is

Divergent: Oceanic-Oceanic http://www.classroomatsea.net/general_science/plate_tectonics/oceanic_constr.html

Events: earthquakes New crust is created Sea-floor spreading Divergent Boundary: Events: earthquakes New crust is created Sea-floor spreading

Geographic Features Mid-ocean ridge Rift Rift valley Divergent Boundary: Geographic Features Mid-ocean ridge Rift Rift valley

Divergent Boundary: Use the following slides to fill in the vocabulary words for the definitions in your notes.

Divergent Boundary: Mid-ocean ridge Rift valley

Mid-ocean ridge: Lava comes out of the rift, gradually hardening into rock to create an underwater chain of volcanic mountains on either side of the rift.

Rift: Crack between plates through which melted rock rises up to form new crust.

Rift valley: Rift in the valley between the mountains.

Sea-floor spreading: When melted rock rises through rifts on the sea floor and creates new oceanic crust, it pushes the older crust away from the rift. The older crust is eventually destroyed at a convergent boundary.