Why does population grow faster in some places than in others?
Demographic: Think population Transition: Think change In order to understand this concept, you must be comfortable with this vocabulary: CBR, CDR, NIR, Infant mortality, revolution
All places have seen changes in natural increase, fertility, and mortality rates These occur at different times in different parts of the world The DTM has four stages of population growth No country today is Stage 1. LDCs are in Stages 2 and 3 MDCs are in Stage 4
Early human societies to about Birth rates and death rates were roughly equal Infant mortality was high Since CBR and CDR were about the same, natural increase was low
Population grew toward the end of Stage One because of the AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION, when humans used agriculture for the first time.
CDR drops dramatically CBR remains about the same Since CBR > CDR, population grows
Industrial Revolution Europe, U.S., Canada Being able to make products quickly led to greater wealth—being able to ensure supplies of food. 1750s-1800s Medical Revolution Africa, Asia, Latin America Improved medical practices in Europe diffused to Africa, Asia, and Latin America This cut down on tradition forms of death from disease Mid 1900s
A country is in Stage 3 when the CBR and TFR start to drop rapidly. The drop is a result of social customs, not technological changes. People in Stage 3 countries are likely to live in cities and no longer need large families.
Stage 4 countries have CBRs that are nearly equal to CDRs. NIR drops to near zero, a condition called ZERO POPULATION GROWTH (ZPG). ZPG means that the TFR is around 2.1, the replacement rate
Women’s education and work Fewer children for working women First children are born later in life (after college), leaving less time to produce more.
Birth control and Family Planning Use of contraceptives— including condoms and “the pill” help prevent pregnancy More money and free time=attending events without children Travel overseas Attending plays and shows Dining at restaurants