Speed To Fly Jim Crowhurst.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Ch. 2 Conceptual Practice

Advertisements

WAGA X-Country Lectures En-Route Decisions. 2 What’s here?  What’s the best Secret for Success  When to start?  What ring setting to use?  What speed.

How Airplanes Fly.

How Airplanes work and how has it changed

Principles of Flight Leading Cadet Training Resources.

ConcepTest 2.1 Walking the Dog

ConcepTest 2.1 Walking the Dog

TECHNIQUES FOR EFFICIENT INTERTHERMAL SOARING

Know the principles of flight and control for rotary wing aircraft

Flashbacks Monday 1 Walking the Dog

Principles of Flight Learning Outcome 3

Thermalling The importance of efficient thermalling How thermals are formed Finding thermals Thermal selection Centering Staying centred Leaving Mike Codling.

IMPACT OF WIND AND SINK ON GLIDER PERFORMANCE* Doug Cline * Based on topic suggested by Tom Roberts FLSC 2006 Safety Seminar.

Thermals Gliding Articles.

gliding articles.

Climbing US Team/Region 1 Comps Doug Jacobs. Why cover such basic stuff? Every XC flight is a race distance vs. daylight Need to achieve reasonable speeds.

Note to presenter. You may need to modify to suit existing rule changes and tasks in your state.

Review Chapter 12. Fundamental Flight Maneuvers Straight and Level Turns Climbs Descents.

Thermalling Part 1 A simplified guide on how to fly a “thermal” GFA Coaching.

Aerodynamic Theory Review 3

Using SeeYou for Soaring Flight Analysis GPS-trace based flight analysis.

CRUISING FOR SPEED TECHNIQUES FOR EFFICIENT INTERTHERMAL SOARING.

AE 1350 Lecture Notes #9.

Kinematic Equations made easy

Module 4, Recitation 1 Concept Problems, Newton’s three laws.

Principles of Flight Spitfire. Chapter 1 – Weight and Lift How is an aircraft, which is much heavier than the air it flies in, supported by the air? C130.

Glider Instrumentation and Plumbing NCSA Safety Seminar 11 Feb 2006.

How does a glider take off ? A towplane pulls the glider to altitude. The glider pilot then releases the towrope Gliders can be pulled into the air by.

 We sometimes call this RELATIVE motion.  We have to see something move in relation to something else – we need a FRAME OF REFERENCE.

Leading Cadet Training

31 st FAI World Gliding Championship. Flash sécurité 12.

Attendance! Click any number if you are here!! You just earned 3 points for coming to class!

Bronze C Theory The Principles of Flight. Terms Wing Section Chord line Mean Camber line Airflow Relative Airflow Boundary layer Stagnation point Angle.

Performance Chapter 5 Lecture 10. Performance What does performance mean? What determines performance? –How fast will it climb, how quickly will it take.

ConcepTest 2.1 Walking the Dog

PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT GLIDING CHAPTER 6. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT GLIDING From previous lessons you will remember that with lift, thrust, weight and drag in.

ConcepTest Clicker Questions Chapter 2 College Physics, 7th Edition Wilson / Buffa / Lou © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

必修 3. Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars.

Coaching & Instructing Join Forces Change in the air ThermallingLookout Lead and Follow Method of thinking Don’t let pilots learn by themselves.

GOING FASTER Flight Planning, Time round TPs. Agenda  After Briefing…  In and Out of a TP  Flight Analysis.

Final Glides US Team Region 1 Comps Doug Jacobs. Final Glide – In Theory Simple:Keep flying climb and glide on course Leave the last thermal When you.

North Carolina Soaring Association

Beginning Cross Country Thomas Knauff Ridge Soaring Gliderport Julian, Pa

Bird Adaptations for Flight. Covering of the wings are light smooth feathers 1.Reduces the force of weight 2.Reduces the force of drag.

Projectile Motion.

SPEED TO FLY THEORY WHEN TO USE IT AND WHEN NOT TO.

Weight and Balance.

Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment Principles of Flight Learning Outcome 4 Know the principles of flight and control for rotary wing aircraft Identify.

Flight Investigations TEXT BOOK CHAPTER 16 PAGE

XC 2: Flying Further and Faster. The Plan The polar curve and performance Flying Further – maximising the glide Flying faster – in theory In practice.

Describing Motion Chapter 1 Physical Science. Ch1 L.1 Position and Motion How does the description of an object’s position depend on a reference point?

Spinning. What are we trying to achieve: raise awareness of the seriousness of both Stalling and Spinning to investigate the effect of different modes.

Flying MacCready What Do The Numbers Tell Us?.

Do Now! Can you put the syllabus and Definition list in your folders for our new topic Topic 2: Mechanics.

Kinematics = the study of Motion Kinematics = the study of Motion.

Competition Flight  Launch  Start  Final Glide  Finish.

GOING FASTER Final Glides. Agenda  What You Can Gain  What You Can Lose  Golden Rules of Final Glides  Flight Analysis  Ian Reekie  Alex Hipple.

ConcepTest 2.1 Walking the Dog

Williams Soaring Center 2017 John Cochrane

Investigating Motion Science Chapter B2 Text Pages B43-B73.

Aerodynamics Chapter 3 Aerodynamics of Flight.

Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment

West Point Aviation Club Private Pilot Ground Instruction

Bill Elliott and Rand Baldwin

Pre-Solo Training Program

ANGLE-of-ATTACK Proprietary Software Systems, Inc.

Day 2 At A Glance So today will have the following: 1) HW Talk

Who is CAS? Canadian Advanced Soaring Corporation

GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.

Presentation transcript:

Speed To Fly Jim Crowhurst

Definitions Average speed: Speed to fly: Speed around the course. Speed you should fly at between thermals.

Speed Vs Distance Speed to Fly is a Trade off: Fly slowly: Go further but arrive later Fly Fast: Get there faster but travel not as far. What speed should we fly at between climbs?

Cruise Speeds

MacCready World Gliding Champion 1956 MacCready Theory: There is an optimum speed to fly between thermals that combined with the thermal climb will result in the fastest average cross country speed. (reichman)

MacCready theory = 40 knots av. speed 4 Knots 4 Knots 4 Knots 80 knots

Cruise Speed vs. X-Country Speed 4 40 knots 2 20 40 60 80 4

60 70 90 3 knots 3 knots

Cruise Speed vs. X-Country Speed Flying Faster 4 38 knots @ 90 knots cruise 2 20 40 60 80 4 6

Cruise Speed vs. X-Country Speed 4 40 knots @ 80 knots cruise - ideal 2 20 40 60 80 4 6 Fly slow go slow Fly fast go slow

Failure Of MacCready Don’t know next thermal’s strength Not flying in still air between thermals The ground gets in the way!

MacCready Theory For Dummies Look ahead: If you determine that the next climb is stronger than that achieved, leave the climb. Cruise faster if the expected climb is very good. Cruise slower if the next predicted climb is weaker

MacCready flying Next Climb. Performance of your glider. Better the performance faster you go. What air you are currently flying through. Stronger the sink…faster you go!

Speed Ring Your glider may have a vario with a speed ring. Simply put the arrow on the expected (average) climb rate and fly the speed that the needle points to. This is the most efficient speed to fly to the next thermal. Right?

Wrong!! If you leave a 3 knot climb, expecting another 3 knot climb, set a 3 knot ring setting….you will hit the weeds……soon! Why? We need to find the best climbs of the day, therefore sample as many thermals as possible.

MacCready Continued Flying 10 knots too fast means you will get low and struggle for a while. Flying 10 knots too slow will mean you get there a minute later but 500ft/1000ft higher and centre a climb faster………or chose another! Conclusion: Flying slower is faster than flying faster…!?

How Fast then? Rule of thumb……take average climb rate and halve it. Set that as MacCready setting. Allows you to fly fast but also allows you to sample more thermals.

It’s all Theory Pete Masson: 2001 Club Class World Champion Average speed Governed by 3 things: Climb Rate Fly a little slower than MacCready says. Cover more sky, sample more climbs, pick the best climb.

It’s all Theory Jay Rebbeck: 2002 Junior World Champion: “To achieve fast average speeds, it is far more important to climb in strong thermals than to stick to the perfect speed”.

MacCready Myths “I can’t figure out why I went so much slower than you, maybe I set the wrong MacCready setting on my glide computer”. No, he was just using more thermals that were weaker and not centering them as effectively.

Conclusions Above 4 knots it is important to have high speed. Below 4 knots it is important to search for thermals and go slower. Never fly faster but you can fly slower. Move around to stay in the lift. Stay in the lift and out of the sink!

Water-Ballast Will move polar curve forward Will increase speed to fly between thermals. Same LD will be achieved at higher speed Get to the same place faster Will climb slower Trade off between flying faster but climbing slower.

Water-Ballast Considerations Late in the day, climbs are slower and may need to dump earlier. Sometimes it can pay to be in the air longer to get the next climb (poor day). Keep ballast for into-wind final glide, keep it till the last moment.

Dolphin Flying Under a cloud street: Fly slowly in the lift and fast in the sink. In Strong conditions, pull up harder and steeper. Don’t pull up in every scrap of lift as you fly further.- With little difference in performance. Changing the AOA frequently affects the airflow over the wing and can affect performance.

Thermaling What speed? Min Sink Best L/D ? Wing loading ? Angle of bank ? Handling at that Speed Whatever feels right……..

Other things to consider- Height Bands George Lee: Fly Fast when high and things are good: be picky with climb rates. Fly a little slower at medium altitudes: cover more air so as to find a good climb. Fly at zero MacCready when low: Maximise time in the air and maximise glide angle to find a climb.

Final Glides The only certain time of knowing exactly what speed to fly at. Set computer to MacCready of the wings level to wings level Climb-rate of that Climb. Leave the climb when on glide, If Av. Is 3 knots, set it to 3 knots. Never set it higher than 3 knots!

Final Glide