Phase Noise and Noise Measurement Pengcheng Jia Nov 21, 2002

Phase Noise

Sth New Phase Noise Measurement with PSA (precision spectrum analyzer) Mode->Phase Noise->LogPlot But pay attention to noise floor of the PSA. You can use noise floor cancellation function or use the HP11848 Phase noise system

Phase Noise Origins 1/f Noise of Semiconductor Transistor 1/f Noise of Semiconductor Transistor DC Bias related noise (Shot Noise) DC Bias related noise (Shot Noise) Thermal Noise from Resistors Thermal Noise from Resistors

Phase Noise Basic

-Phase shifter is used to achieve quadrature -Attenuator is used to keep input power at required level -Phase noise of source will not affect residual noise of DUT when quadrature is achieved Phase Noise Interface 3561A Dynamic Signal Analyzer 0.01Hz 100KHz GPIB Control Source Phase Shifter Power Spliter DUT G=18dB 20 dB Attenuator +8dBm +10dBm L Port R Port Residual Noise Measurement

3048 System Spectrum Analyzer

Phase Noise without amplifiersPhase noise of a broadband amplifier Phase Noise Measurements

3048A Phase Noise Software Tiger is the 3048A system controller Start in MS-Dos Mode At the command prompt, enter c:\go Select 13 as the printer type and 0 as the screen mode. The other settings are user preference Now you are at c:\noise\3048> Run cal.exe for calibration and PN.exe for measurement

Instrument Addresses Run PN.exe, Main Menu->System- >Instrument InstrumentModelAddress FFT Analyzer3561A712 RF Analyzer8567A718 (optional for offset from 100K to 40MHz) Signal Srce 1 Signal Srce 2 Down Converter 11729C706 (optional)

Getting system ready Functional Checks Quick Check Performance checks Calibrations Read appendix for the time and sequence of calibration

Run PN.exe 1.Type of measurement->Phase noise without using PLL (for residual phase noise measurement) Start/Stop frequency are the offset frequency from the carrier 2. Parameters Input carrier frequency and select detector

Continue… Instrument control Select system connections Define graph Configure the displayed graph System configuration->Instruments addresses->Input addresses

File System Test file Directory Save all the configurations for the measurement Result file directory Save the measurement result in this directory ***Always choose this directory before you save your result, otherwise you only save the configurations, not the data!!! Run Read_res.exe to convert *.res file to data file which can be used in graph tools. Run Read_res.exe to convert *.res file to data file which can be used in graph tools. Go to mishrayork web->document for the file.

Calibration-theory

Calibration-operation For the first time, run calibration Select Derive from measured beat tone ->exit to main menu->New measurement ->”Y”- >Select 1KHz as beat-tone (range from 1Hz to 50KHz), input the beat tone signals to the R and L input of the interface->Proceed->get detector constant Then change connection back and measure PN Next time, go to calibration->use current detector constant

Measurement Pay attention to the right and left channel power level For frequency 1.2 G to 18G L +7->+10dBm R 0->+10dBm Keep R channel close to 10dBm, the higher R signal, the lower noise floor

Noise Figure

Measurement System Noise Figure Meter-8970B CW Generator-8673G Output power-8dBm Test Set-8971B Working Mode:SSB3 From 4-18GHz Down Convert to 450MHz Single Side Band Noise Noise Source Driver Noise Source - 346C Noise Input LO Signal Input

Single MMIC Measurement Bias For MMIC Microstrip Probe Noise Output Noise Input MMIC

Combiner Measurement Bias For MMICs Noise Source Driver Input Noise Output Noise Input Noise Source Power Combiner Heat Sink

Measurement Theory T1T2 Noise Temperature-T Output Noise Power No N1 N2 Na The Noise Figure Meter output noise at two different noise temperature Get the G and Na from the measurement Calibrate to eliminate the affect of the loss of the cable and connectors

Measurement Result