W ireless Security System Group Members Deepika Mediratta M. Adil Siddiqui Syed M. Ali

Primary Objectives –Design and implement a real time home security system using Altera UP2 board. –Integrate wireless communication. –Demonstrate the convenience of using wireless sensors and components while exploring their benefits and drawbacks. Secondary Objectives –To implement/introduce child surveillance. A wireless sensor possibly embedded on a wrist band which notifies the Controller upon moving IN/OUT of proximity. Project Description

Wireless Security System is a home security and child surveillance system coded in VHDL and synthesized to the Altera FLEX EPF10K70RC240-4 FPGA. Features An innovative graphical user interface. Password protection. Menu driven keyboard control. Wireless infrared detection sensor. Wireless child surveillance sensor. The system is a completely practical and fully functional digital design project. Project Description

Modularized design approach was employed for developing the system. The modules were designed in a fashion that would make future improvements relatively easy to implement. The modules can be broadly identified into the following categories Design Methodology Control & Sensor Logic User Interface Hardware Implementation

Module Interconnect Figure

Linear Responsibility Chart SyedAdilDeepika Hardware Implementation of MD circuit and interfacing with UP2 board P VHDL Implementation – MD module S S P Interfacing Child monitor Sensor and Wireless Modules with UP2 board P VHDL Implementation – User Interface S P VHDL Implementation – Child Sensor module S S P Complete VDHL Implementation, testing and Simulation S P S Final Report and Presentation S S P

Hardware Implementation

Wireless MD Circuit

Problems Encountered –Due to Interference of the wireless signals with other wireless devices, we faced problems interfacing the Wireless transceivers. Solution –This issue was dealt with, by introducing a set of Encoder/Decoder.

Wireless Child Sensor Circuit

Problems Encountered –Due to the decoders being latched, it was difficult to detect the status of the sensor when it moved out of the range. Solution –This was resolved by making use of the “Valid Transmission” pin on the decoder, which served as a input to the FPGA.

Control & Sensor Logic

Controller Module Acts as the “Brain” of the Security System. This module coordinates the functionality of all the components and ties them together. Responds to external inputs and changes its state accordingly which is passed to other module that are programmed to take specific actions. Finite State Machine (FSM) approach was used for state transformations.

Controller Module

Problems Encountered –When Child sensor goes IN/OUT of proximity, the controller must not change the state from “HOME” to “ALERT” although the sensor status must be routed to the Alarm module so it could set the Buzzer OFF/ON accordingly. Solution –The controller checks if the signal is from child sensor, it will route the status to the Alarm module while staying in “HOME” state.

Wireless Sensor Modules The modules relays the status of the sensors to the controller which takes the appropriate action depending on the status of the sensors and the mode that the system is in. The implementation was kept relatively simple by passing the sensor inputs to the controller. This was crucial for the module to be not dependent on the type of hardware.

Wireless Sensor Modules Problems Encountered –Due to noise, the signals from the wireless child/motion sensors were getting corrupted, making it difficult to capture a valid response from the sensors. Solution –The modules were coded in such a way, so that it will take samples from the sensors and will forward a filtered response to the controller. This was achieved with the help of SHIFT registers.

Alarm Module The Alert module is essential and fundamental to any home security system and its purpose is to sound an alarm buzzer when an intrusion has been detected by the security system.

Alarm Module Problems Encountered –Alarm must set the buzzer ON/OFF when the system is in “ALERT” state, with the exception when the state is “HOME” and child sensor has been set OFF/ON. Solution –The module checks if the controller state is “ALERT” and will sound the buzzer in such cases. If the controller state is “HOME”, it will also monitor the child sensor status.

User Interface

User Interface Module The User Interface module’s purpose is to specify the manner in which users can input commands to change the system’s mode of operation. The user can monitor the status of the alarm and deactivate the system when it is tripped. In addition, the system also displays a 2-D layout of the home that, in the case of a break-in, triggers the area affected to go red.

User Interface Module For this unit, the PS/2 and VGA ports on the Altera board were used. UP1core “VGA_SYNC” was used to generate the timing signals needed for the VGA video display. UP1core “CHAR_ROM” was used to display various alphanumeric on the screen. UP1core “KEYBOARD” was used to read the scan code bytes from the keyboard.

User Interface Module Lessons Learnt –Coordinated the functioning of VGA screen, Keyboard and Altera board together. –Using VHDL, learnt how to maintain a Menu-Driven system by keeping track of various signals.

Light Automation Module The design objective for the remote module was to implement a lighting control system while the user was away from home to give the impression that the home was occupied and decrease the chances of a burglary.

Light Automation Module Problems Encountered –It was desired to implement and simulate a Random behavior of lights using VHDL. Developing random signals in VHDL was proving to be problematic. Solution –The module was implemented using counters. One process in the module consists of two counters, both incrementing using a 1Hz clock signal. Second process checks the counters and asserts the respective LED signal when the value of the counter reaches a predefined value.

Final Review and Testing In order to test the system as a unit, a top-level structure was defined to interconnect the previously discussed modules. Successfully compiled as a unit, the program was downloaded to the Altera FLEX. The design consumed, –39% of the Logic Cells (LCs) –44% of the memory by using 8192 bits.

Recommended Improvements The Current system is limited to detecting the presence / absence of child sensor. A possible improvement would be to sense the distance of the child sensor from the controller. The system can be voice activated, eliminating the need of a keyboard/keypad. Provide connectivity with a communication network, such as the internet, enabling the system to be activated, deactivated, and monitored from a remote location, as well as informing the proper authorities in case of a break-in.

Conclusion This project proved to be an excellent opportunity to utilize our knowledge of digital systems and design. Due to the adoption of a modular design technique, it will be easier to upgrade in future. The wireless functionality will allow ease of installation and will provide an alternative to system using only wired components.

Acknowledgments and References We would like to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Shiva Kumar for his support and guidance during the course of the project. [1] J. O. Hamblen and M. D. Furman, Rapid Prototyping of Digital Systems, 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Kluwer, [2] S. D. Brown and Z. G. Vranesic, Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design. New York: McGraw-Hill, [3] N. Nicolici. (2003, November). VHDL Bouncing_Ball Example. [Online]. Available: