Dr Dhaval Mody

A Disorder manifested by difficulty in learning to read despite conventional instructions, adequate intelligence and socio cultural opportunities, it is dependent upon fundamental cognitive disabilities which are frequently of constitutional origin VRUDHI

A Child is said to have learning disability when there is a marked difference between the intellectual potential of the child and his/her actual academic performance inspite of equal economic, cultural and social opportunities to learn. VRUDHI

 Inherited or genetic  Acquired Maternal Malnutrition Trauma to head during birth or through accident drugs VRUDHI

 Dyslexia  Dyscalculia  Dysgraphia  Dyspraxia

 Spoken Language: delays, disorders & deviations in listening and speaking.  Written Language: difficulties with reading, writing and spelling  Arithmetic: difficulty in performing arithmetic operations

 Reasoning: difficulty in organising and integrating thoughts.  Memory: difficulty in remembering information and instructions.

 Physical  Cognitive  Behavioural  Academic

 General Awkwardness  Poor Visual Motor Coordination  Confusion between Left & Right  Difficulty in concentration  Hyperactivity

 Difficulty with concept of time  Distorted concept of body image  Difficulty in differentiating between shape, size and colour  Poor organisational skills  Difficulty with abstract Thinking

 Low Frustration Tolerance  Impulsive behaviour  Mood Swings  Difficulty in making decisions  Overly excitable during group play

 Reversals in reading and writing  Difficulty with copying from blackboard  Difficulty with sequencing tasks  Inability to follow multiple instructions

 History of slow speech development  Confusion between left and right  Undermined hand preference  Difficulty in fastening buttons, tying shoe laces.  Difficulty naming objects VRUDHI

 Difficulty understanding directions in / out.  Does not respond immediately when called out.  Difficulty carrying out sequence of instructions  Frequent Falls / accidents  Very messy handwriting VRUDHI