RIVER MORPHOLOGY Discharge and Channel Evolution

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Presentation transcript:

RIVER MORPHOLOGY Discharge and Channel Evolution Alluvial Channel Patterns Floodplain Development Terraces RIVER MORPHOLOGY

Channel Forming Discharges Bankfull Discharge Channel bend with a region of reverse flow at the inner bank - this produces a shear layer within the flow (flow visualization with surface streamers). Flow in form top of picture. Copyright © Dan Parsons 2002

Alluvial Channel Patterns HOp. 11

Straight Channels Shibetsu River near the Hokaido area

POOL RIFFLE

Velocity Reversal Hypothesis HOp. 12A

Flow Convergence Hypothesis HOp. 12C

Straight Channels Shibetsu River near the Hokaido area

Meandering Pattern Copyright © Norm Catto 2002

RIFFLE POOL POOL RIFFLE

2 3 1 Meandering Pattern HOp. 12B

2 3 1 Meandering Pattern HOp. 12B

Meandering Pattern Copyright © Norm Catto 2002

Braided Pattern Denali National Park, Alaska, USA © Daryl Dagesse 2002 Braided stream, Denali National Park, Alaska, USA. The combination of high sediment loads and seasonally variable discharge has resulted in a braided pattern to this river. Only during the highest flows is the majority of this material mobilized as bedload. Denali National Park, Alaska, USA © Daryl Dagesse 2002

Braided Pattern Central Bar Hypothesis HOp. 13A

Braided Pattern Transverse Bar Migration Hypothesis HOp. 13B

Anastomosed Pattern Copyright © Martin Geertsema 2002 Combination of braiding and anastomozing channel patterns, Halfway River, northern British Columbia. Copyright © Martin Geertsema 2002

Floodplain Development Meandering river, Alaska. Copyright © Richard Kesel 2002

Lateral Accretion Copyright © Simon Robertson 2002 Point bar on the Herbert River, Queensland. Copyright © Simon Robertson 2002

Vertical Accretion

Vertical Accretion

Terrace Formation Fluvial terrace, northwestern China near Urumchi. northwestern China near Urumchi, © Matthias Jakob 2002

Gower Gulch, Death Valley, CA (© Bernie Bauer 2002) Sequence of depositional terraces set against harder sedimentary rock (light color) during episodic flash floods. Main channel bottom is in foreground. Gower Gulch, Death Valley, California. Gower Gulch, Death Valley, CA (© Bernie Bauer 2002)

Cave River terraces, South Island, New Zealand. Cave River terraces, South Island, New Zealand Copyright © Keith Richards 2002