Quick Quiz 9/10/13 Define at least 3 of the following terms: Freighted Outlandish Insidious Unsporting Ratcheted Ubiquitous Pandemic Harangue Paradoxical Acromegaly Cynical

Tueday, September 10th, 2013 English III Ms. Plumb

Agenda Quick Quiz Check & Review Vocab Chart Ethos, Pathos, Logos Notes

Quick Quiz 9/10/13 Define at least 3 of the following terms: Freighted Outlandish Insidious Unsporting Ratcheted Ubiquitous Pandemic Harangue Paradoxical Acromegaly Cynical

Rhetorical Appeals: We have already utilized CAPSToneS to identify some of the characteristics of effective argumentation. As writers, we will use CAPSToneS to maximize how we deliver our messages. We must also begin to address how to best target our audience, establish context, and represent ourselves in order to fit our purpose and subject. To achieve this “best,” we use Rhetorical Appeals.

Record in your notebook: Rhetorical Appeals: Tools that help the writer make his or her argument more appealing to the audience. Ethos / Pathos / Logos

Ethos = “ethical appeal” How does the speaker present him or herself? As an effective writer, you can control how your audience perceives you. Speakers often use allusions(well- known people), quotes, and references to build their own ethos.

Ethos Example Politicians. In politics, it’s all about perception. Consider how politicians use their appearance, dress, speaking characteristics, and mannerisms to affect how we perceive them.

Ethos Example “As a doctor, I am qualified to tell you that this course of treatment will likely generate the best results.”

Pathos = “emotional appeal” How well does the speaker appeal to the audience’s emotions? The emotions need to match the subject, purpose, and context. As writers, we need to consider how to manipulate our reader’s emotions. Emotional appeals can be effective or overwhelming - consider Hallmark commercials.

Pathos Example Wedding speeches and eulogies. For wedding speeches and toasts, the audience typically expects to be entertained and reminded of love. In a eulogy, the audience members are already emotional, and they expect the speaker to match their serious and sad state.

Pathos Example Don’t be the last person on the block to have their lawn treated – you don’t want to be the laughing stock of your community!

Logos = “logical appeal” How well does the speaker use his or her own text to make an effective argument? Is the argument rational and well- constructed? How well does the speaker support his or her thesis? Speakers will often use facts, statistics, and references to create logos.

Logos Example Legal documents. Most effective laws and legal decisions rely heavily on logos. For example, within the United States’ judicial system, the punishment is supposed to fit the crime. Faulty logic may lead to unequal punishments, which is typically not tolerated.

Logos Example You don’t need to jump off a bridge to know that it’s a bad idea. Why then would you need to try drugs to know if they’re damaging? That’s plain nonsense.

Rhetorical Appeals - Balance The Rhetorical Appeals must be used together. BALANCE of the three is important. Too much of one is likely to produce an argument that readers will either find unconvincing or that will cause them to stop reading.

Ethos Ethos is an appeal to reason using a famous figure. In this case the famous person is Jared from subway. This add features a before and after picture of Jared showing his legitimacy of losing weight. In order for an ethos add to be legitimate the figure must also be legitimate. Because he did lose the weight his fame went directly to Subway. Thus the add fit its purpose- using someone famous to get you noticed or to support your cause.

Pathos Pathos is the appeal to emotion. The appeal to emotion often has to do with tragedy and children. This advertisement shows a child that is forced to carry bombs and kill. The main focus is not completely the kid- it is being used to convince people to assist Israel in their war on terror. The countries against Israel use children because there is an abundance them and they don't think first. This add uses children be cause everyone loves children and wants to protect them. To protect the kids one must help Israel.

Logos Logos is the appeal to logic. Logically speaking one would not do something that they knew could hurt them. In this first advertisement it shows cigarettes being put into a gun to demonstrate the fact that smoking kills. On the other side it shows a dead person smoking thus enforcing that fact. On the side with the gun many facts are listed including "Major cause of stroke" which implies death as well. "May cause fatal heart attacks" with a focus on fatal which means death. This ad is meant to highlight that smoking causes death and logically one shouldn't smoke- that is if one wants to live.

HOMEWORK  Check your grade!