Principals of Genetics (Zoo-352) Department of Zoology, H

​ Dr. Mikhlid Hamed Almutairi Associate Professor Medical Molecular genetics Department of Zoology, College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh Saudi Arabia Office number: أب 67, Ground floor s: ​ الدكتور : مخلد بن حامد المطيري أستاذ مساعد الوراثة الجزيئية الطبية قسم علم الحيوان، كلية العلوم، جامعة الملك سعود صندوق البريد رقم 2455 ، الرياض، الرمز البريدي المملكة العربية السعودية رقم المكتب : أب 67 ، الدور الأرضي البريد الالكتروني :

Learning objectives: To describe the two types of cell division. To compare between mitosis and meiosis. To find the similarity and differences between each phase of mitosis by watching animation. To draw the cell chromosomes during metaphase of mitosis.

LecturesDatesSyllabus view 112/4/1436Genetics overview 219/4/1436Chromosomes 326/4/1436The cell cycle and its checkpoint 43/5/1436Mitosis 510/5/1436Meiosis 617/5/1436Errors in meiosis 724/5/1436Exam 1 82/6/1436Half term break holidays 99/6/1436Mendelian genetics 1016/6/1436The law of segregation 1123/6/1436Testing the law of segregation 1230/6/1436Law of independent assortment 137/7/1436 Testing the law of independent assortment 1414/7/1436Genetics of the human blood group, 1521/7/1436Exam 2 Time table for weekly planning for principles of genetics

Assessment Lecture 2 lecture exams (30%) Final exam (40%) 70% of total grade Laboratory 30% of total grade

Genetics Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms. A gene is the molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. A gene is a portion (or sequence) of DNA that codes for a known cellular function (another definition) Heredity is the passing of phenotypic traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. Genetic variation, variation in alleles of genes, occurs between individuals or between populations.

Branches of Genetics Classical Genetics: It is the oldest discipline in the field of genetics, going back to the experiments of Gregor Mendel. The study of the transmission of genotype from parent to offspring. Human genetics: is the study of heredity and variation in the humans. Cytogenetics: is the study of chromosomes and chromosome abnormalities Population genetics: The genetics of the different populations of animal and plant species. Molecular genetics: is the study of the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.

Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cellsEukaryotic cells Taxonomic groupsBacteria, Cyanobacteria all protists, fungi, plants, animals SizeUsually <5 µmUsually >5 µm Nucleus No true nucleus, no nuclear membrane True nucleus, nuclear membrane Genetic material One circular molecule of DNA, little protein Linear DNA molecules complexed with histones Mitosis and MeiosisAbsentpresent Eukaryotic cells contain many different organelles that perform specific functions. Such as, nuclei, mitochondria, chloroplasts contain genomes. The eukaryotic cell possesses some structures that are critical for mitosis and meiosis: centrosomes and microtubules/spindle fibers.

Classical Genetics: It is the oldest discipline in the field of genetics, going back to the experiments of Gregor Mendel. The study of the transmission of genotype from parent to offspring. Human genetics: is the study of heredity and variation in the humans.