Tailwinds Flying Club Winter Safety Session – 2009 Instrument Rating and IFR Flight Planning

Instrument Rating “I fly VFR, why do I need to know IFR requirements?” Low ceilings and visibility, which can catch pilots unaware or lure pilots to fly further, are the most deadly killers. -AOPA Air Safety Foundation VFR into IMC accounted for 87.5 percent of all fatal weather accidents in SEF (single engine fixed gear) aircraft. Most of these accidents could have been avoided had the pilot reversed course at the first recognition of instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), or not departed at all Nall Report Pilot and Plane Requirements

Instrument Rating Safer pilot Personal life insurance, when available, provides discounts for pilots with IFR ratings The club encourages continued training and certifications – Club instructors less expensive then typical training schools – Use of club planes You and Tailwinds Flying Club

Instrument Rating FAR (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) GENERAL Must hold at least a current private pilot certificate Be able to read, speak, write the English language Receive and log ground training on the aeronautical knowledge areas Receive a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying the pilot is ready to take the required knowledge test Receive and log flight training on the areas of operation Endorsement from an authorized instructor that the pilot is prepared to take the required practical test Pass the required practical and knowledge tests The pilot must meet the aeronautical knowledge and flight proficiency as required by parts (b) (c) Pilot and Plane Requirements

Instrument Rating FAR hours cross-country flight time as PIC 40 hours of actual or simulated instrument time on the areas of operation per FAR (d) (i) (ii) (iii) – 15 hours instrument flight training from an authorized instructor in the aircraft category for which the instrument rating is sought; – 3 hours of instrument training that is appropriate to the instrument rating sought from an authorized instructor in preparation for the practical test within 60 days preceding the date of the test; – Instrument training on cross-country flight procedures that includes at least one cross-country flight in an airplane that is performed under IFR, and consists of - A distance of at least 250 nm along airways or ATC-directed routing Instrument approach at each airport Three different kinds of approaches with the use of navigation systems Part (e) relates to the use of flight simulators or flight training device Pilot and Plane Requirements

Instrument Rating FAR (b) (c) (d) (b) Visual-flight rules (day) – Instruments required AI, Altimeter, Magnetic DI, Tachometer, Oil pressure, Temperature gauge, Manifold pressure, fuel, landing gear (if retractable), safety belts (shoulder harness for front seats), documents (AROW), anti-collision lights (c) Visual-flight rules (night) Instruments and equipment specified for day VFR plus; position lights, landing light, source of electrical energy (d) Instrument flight rules Instruments and equipment specified above plus; two-way radio, gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator, slip-skid indicator, adjustable barometric pressure sensitive altimeter, clock (display hour, minutes, and seconds), generator/alternator, gyroscopic pitch and bank indicator, gyroscopic direction indicator Pilot and Plane Requirements

Instrument Rating All of the club airplanes are instrument rated Garmin GNS 430 – Flight plans – Current approach procedures – Nearest airports includes approaches – Frequency lists (departure, enroute, or arrival) Auto-pilot – Archer – Arrow – Six Club Airplanes

IFR Weather Weather effects you need to understand Icing Snow showers Thunderstorms Temperature inversions Fast-moving fronts producing high winds Fog Be aware of changes in the weather before and during your flight Listen to your inner voice and know your minimums Weather Effects

IFR Weather Preflight Online – AOPA Weather ( – DTN – Meteorlogix ( – ADDS – ( her.noaa.gov) her.noaa.gov FSS ( ) FBO – Valters Aviation ( ASOS (STP – ) In flight FSS – AWOS (21D – ) ATIS – (STP – ) Enroute: Tower ATC HIWAS (MSP Gopher 117.3) Weather Sources

IFR Flight Planning 21D – Lake Elmo Airport Approved approaches and arrival charts

IFR Flight Planning What are the take-off minimums for Lake Elmo Airport?

IFR Flight Planning Destination Airport Approach charts Frequencies Topography Obstructions Runway(s) visual aids Towered / non-towered Alternate How far – 45 min. Runway(s) Obstructions Weather ATIS / AWOS / ASOS Frequencies Destination and Alternate Airports Make sure the alternate is a good choice before you go there

IFR Flight Planning 1.Charts, plates, clipboard (kneeboard), 2 pencils 2.Copy ATIS – AWOS 3.Altimeter within 75 feet 4.DG set 5.Check fluid level in magnetic compass 6.Attitude indicator set 7.VSI showing ‘0’ rate 8.Pitot heat check – ammeter deflected 9.Marker beacons on and tested – lights, speaker, test 10.GPS/VORs currently tested and logged 11.Set GPS/VOR frequencies 12.ADF test – set to 0 degrees, swing needle, listen 13.Alternate static air check for deflections in instruments 14.Check time and set 15.Call for taxi and clearance IFR Check List

IFR Training Use the club’s instructors Fly with/as a safety pilot Take online courses Use flight simulators Fly practice approaches Practice IFR flight planning Instruction and Practice

Thanks! Questions?