MEDICAL SEMI-TEMPORARY STRUCTURES Examples of medical semi- temporary structures in MSF programs By Jérôme Michon and Yannick Garbusinski and Hugues Robert

BEFORE

Therapeutic feeding centre

Construction of a sleeping room shelter Dimensions: 2 x (6x12)m Dimensions: 2 x (6x12)m Capacity: 2 x 24 beneficiaries Capacity: 2 x 24 beneficiaries Shading area for consultation Shading area for consultation Construction time: 2 days with 2 teams of 11 workers Construction time: 2 days with 2 teams of 11 workers

Chainsaw work Preparation of wooden poles kits. Preparation of wooden poles kits. Fenced working area Fenced working area Maximum 3 to 4 persons in this area Maximum 3 to 4 persons in this area

Wooden poles set-up Ground levelling Ground levelling Same length wooden poles Same length wooden poles Poles alignment with ropes Poles alignment with ropes

Truss Pre-cut poles Pre-cut poles Alignment with rope Alignment with rope Installation of rafters Installation of rafters

Front waiting area

Interior Ventilations Ventilations Floor to be installed Floor to be installed

Rain water drainage

Overall view

Other constructions Latrines Latrines Dinning room Dinning room Kitchen Kitchen Stock Stock Registration area Registration area Water tank area Water tank area

Latrines

Dinning room

Kitchen

Stock

Registration area

Water tank area

Some close-up Oven Oven Brick floor Brick floor Natural lighting Natural lighting Plastic sheeting fixation Plastic sheeting fixation

Oven

Brick floor

Natural lighting

Plastic sheeting fixation

Towards permanent building MSF-CH, Ryad refugee camp, Darfur, Sudan

Metallic truss Dimension 6 x 10 m = 60 m2, Dimension 6 x 10 m = 60 m2, Price 5’750 usd (95 usd / m2) Price 5’750 usd (95 usd / m2) Brick floor + cement plastering Brick floor + cement plastering Brick wall up to 140 cm / RoofingIron sheet Brick wall up to 140 cm / RoofingIron sheet Delay: 10 structures achieved in 3 month Delay: 10 structures achieved in 3 month

Brick walls

Interior IN PATIENT Kerenek (west Darfur) IN PATIENT Kerenek (west Darfur)

Interior Maternity (Ryad camp, El geneina) Maternity (Ryad camp, El geneina)

Final result Feeding Center (Ryad camp, El geneina) Feeding Center (Ryad camp, El geneina)

Post-Tsunami emergency shelters MSF-CH Sri Lanka 2005

The project Construction program of 66 semi-permanent houses consisting of a 28m2 living space, situated in Rekawa, Wellodaya and Rana (Division of Tagalla, province of Hambantota). Construction program of 66 semi-permanent houses consisting of a 28m2 living space, situated in Rekawa, Wellodaya and Rana (Division of Tagalla, province of Hambantota). 44 were established on government provided lands whilst the remaining where established on private lands in a accordance to the preference of the beneficiaries. 44 were established on government provided lands whilst the remaining where established on private lands in a accordance to the preference of the beneficiaries.

Sanitation Permanent showers and toilets were constructed per each semi-permanent house for better hygiene and family privacy. Permanent showers and toilets were constructed per each semi-permanent house for better hygiene and family privacy. The families also received NFI kits for replacing some of their lost items, which ranged from beds to cooking facilities. The families also received NFI kits for replacing some of their lost items, which ranged from beds to cooking facilities.

Construction materials One semi-permanent structure consisted of: A wooden structure poles and trusses A wooden structure poles and trusses A cemented metal mesh reinforced slab A cemented metal mesh reinforced slab An iron sheet roof and iron sheeting around the kitchen. An iron sheet roof and iron sheeting around the kitchen. Temporary walls of plastic sheeting Temporary walls of plastic sheeting

Design

3’ ¼ (aprox. 100 cm) 8’ ½ (aprox. 255 cm) 3’ ¼ (aprox. 100 cm) 10’ (aprox. 300 cm) 1’ ½ (aprox. 45 cm) Roof Truss 13’ ( 396 cm) 26’5” ( cm) Roof Truss Poles 7’ ( 213 cm) 6’ ( 183 cm) 10’ ( aprox 400 cm) Cement Block 23’ ( 701 cm) KITCHEN (8 m2) LIVING ( 20 m2) SEMI PERMANENT FAMILY SHELTER ( HAMBATOTA DISTRICT SRI LANKA)

Wooden truss

Final result

Prefabricated modules for health structures

Some data: Modular structure (3 to 5 containers of 20 feet, or more…) Modular structure (3 to 5 containers of 20 feet, or more…) Very high response for hygiene conditions (possibility of operating theatre) Very high response for hygiene conditions (possibility of operating theatre) Cost: +/ € for a 5 containers (ready to ship) = +/- 400 €/m² Cost: +/ € for a 5 containers (ready to ship) = +/- 400 €/m² Logistic constraints: 4 weeks delay for manufacture, need a crane, 6 days to setup the structure Logistic constraints: 4 weeks delay for manufacture, need a crane, 6 days to setup the structure

Prefabricated modules for health structures Different uses: After earthquakes: dialyse activities After earthquakes: dialyse activities When long term building not allowed ex: AIDS treatment for sex workers, culturally not accepted… When long term building not allowed ex: AIDS treatment for sex workers, culturally not accepted… Operating theatre, … Operating theatre, …