Dr. Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi DNT 353 TOPICAL FLUORIDES Dr. Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi

Topical Fluorides DEFINITION Topical fluoride therapy refers to the use of systems containing relatively large concentrations of fluoride that are applied locally or topically to erupted tooth surfaces to prevent the formation of dental caries

Classification Operator administered: Fluoride solutions Sodium fluoride 2 % Stannous fluoride 8% Fluoride gels Acidulated phosphate fluoride ( APF) Fluoride varnishes Self administered: Fluoride dentifrices Sodium fluoride Fluoride mouth rinses

Operator administered

Methods of Application Fluoride solutions: Method of application of sodium fluoride in a dental clinic: Initially, cleaning and polishing of the teeth is done An upper and lower quadrants are isolated with cotton rolls Teeth are dried thoroughly 2% NaF is applied with cotton applicators and is permitted to dry in the teeth for about 4 minutes Procedure is repeated for the remaining quadrants After completion, patient is instructed to avoid eating, drinking or rinsing for 30 minutes Second, third and fourth applications are done at weekly intervals

Recommended Ages Advantages: Disadvantages: Full series of four treatment is recommended at ages 3, 7, 11, 13 Advantages: Accepted taste Stable if stored in a plastic container Disadvantages: Four visits relatively at short period of time

Fluoride application in a dental clinic

Methods of application 2. Fluoride varnishes: Two most commonly used fluoride varnishes are Duraphat ( NaF varnish) Fluorprotector ( Silane fluoride) Method of application of fluoride varnishes In dental clinic: Oral prophylaxis Teeth are dried Teeth are not isolated with cotton rolls as varnish has a tendency to stick to cotton The application is done first on lower arch as saliva collects more rapidly around it, and then on upper arch Application of varnish is done with single tufted small brush After application, patient is made to sit with mouth open for 4 minutes Patient is instructed not to rinse or drink anything at all for one hour and not to eat anything solids Patient can take liquids and semi solids only till next morning

Self administered

Dentifrices Definition: Availability: Dentifrice is defined as a substance used with a toothbrush for the purpose of cleaning the accessible surfaces of the teeth Availability: Dentifrices are available as tooth powders, toothpastes, liquids and gels They are either cosmetic or therapeutic

Dentifrice ingredients Abrasives ( 20-40%) Water (20-40%) Humectants (20-40%) Foaming agent ( 1-2%) Binding agent ( 2%) Flavoring agent (2%) Sweetening agent (2%) Therapeutic agent (2%) Coloring agent or preservatives (1%)

Dentifrice Ingredients Abrasives: Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate were the most common abrasives used Abrasives dull the tooth surface, so to compensate for this, polishing agents usually added Humectants: Are added to maintain the moisture Sorbitol, mannitol and propylene glycol are the most common humectants Maintains the consistency of toothpastes Flavoring agents: Provides an immediate taste sensation Relatively long-lasting flavor Preservative: Benzoic acid is used as a preservative to prevent bacterial growth

Fluoride mouth rinses Mouth rinsing is a practical and effective means for self-application of fluoride Helps in reduction of dental caries and halitosis

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