SUMMARY OF LESSON  Vocabulary  Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation  Groundwater and Runoff  Types of Clouds  Convection Currents

Vocabulary Condensation- The change of state from gas to liquid. Convection Current- A continuous loop of moving air or liquid that transfers energy Dew Point- The temperature at which air becomes saturated. Evaporation- The change in state from liquid to gas. Humidity- The amount of water vapor in the air at any given time. Ocean Current- A moving stream of water in the ocean. Precipitation- Any form of water that falls to the Earth’s surface from clouds Transpiration-the evaporation of water through a plant’s leaves Water Vapor- Water in the form of gas

Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are the three important stages of the water cycle. The ocean water evaporates, and goes high up into the atmosphere. As it goes higher, it cools and condenses into liquid water. As the droplets get bigger, it soon becomes too heavy for the air to hold. When it is too heavy, it drops to the Earth’s surface as precipitation. There are also many types of precipitation, such as rain, sleet, hail, and snow.

Groundwater and Runoff Most precipitation falls on the ocean. But when it falls on land, it seeps into cracks in rocks and soil underground. By contrast, runoff flows downhill across the Earth’s surface without sinking into the land below. Runoff may flow into streams rivers, lakes, or the ocean. Runoff also causes erosion.

Types of clouds Cirrus Cloud: Thin, wispy clouds at high altitudes Made of ice crystals Indicate pleasant weather that may change to rain Stratus Cloud: Forms in layers May cover large parts of the sky Some bring rain

Types of Clouds Cumulus Cloud: Puffy, white clouds with flat bottoms Form in rising currents of warm air Generally mean fair weather Cumulonimbus Cloud: Bring heavy rain and thunderstorms May extend up through the troposphere

Convection Currents A convection current is a continuous loop of moving air or liquid that transfers energy. First, warm, moist air rises. Then, as the warm air goes higher and higher into the atmosphere, it condenses and forms a cloud. Then, the cold air sinks, and this process happens in a continuous loop.

Beyond the Book Transpiration is the evaporation of water through a plant’s leaves. It also helps the air become more humid during dry times. Reservoirs provides water for millions of people, and it also saves water for the dry times.

Beyond the Book Cont. The Colorado River supports most of the water used in southern California The San Joaquin River supports water for central and southern California. Desalination is the removal of salt from salt water to make fresh water. Reclamation is the process of recycling water.

Thank You!