Bellwork What are the five characteristics of a mineral?

BELLWORK DISCUSS A SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATION YOU HAVE MADE RECENTLY.

Earth Science Chapter 3 Minerals 5 characteristics of minerals Flip book

Bellwork What is the difference between rocks and minerals?

Identifying minerals There are over3800 minerals! Each mineral has physical characteristics that can be used to identify it Some properties are easy to see just by looking Others are only observed through tests

Color Most minerals are not easily identified by color Some are, however Malachite=green Azurite=blue

Malachite

Azurite

Streak The color of a mineral’s powder Pyrite (fool’s gold) produces a green/black streak

Streak

Luster How light is reflected from a mineral’s surface

Density Density=Mass/Volume Mass is found using a balance Volume is found by determining the amount of water displaced

Mass

Volume

With a Partner Work with a partner and answer the Math questions on page 71.

Bellwork 9-30 Discuss a scientific observation you made this weekend

Hardness How hard a mineral is based on Mohs hardness scale

Mohs Hardness Scale

Crystal Systems Crystals of each mineral grow atom by atom to form that mineral’s crystal structure There are 6 crystal systems: – Cubic – Hexagonal – Tetragonal – Orthorhombic – Monoclinic – Triclinic

Crystal growth Jw Jw

Cleavage and Fracture Cleavage is the way a mineral splits easily along a flat surface Fracture describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way – Shell – Hackly – Earthy – Uneven

Cleavage

Fracture

Special Properties Magnetism Fluorescence Bends light Reactivity

Rubric: Each student needs to create at least two crystals, any size, made of any material that is safe, and able to grow crystals Groups need to put their crystals together to form a “garden” – You can use a shoe box or some other container Students need to keep a chart of their crystal’s growth as well. A detailed log and/or graph will need to accompany the garden and presentation

Bellwork What are the physical properties of minerals?

Experiment Find a lab partner to work with (groups of up to 3) Or you may work individually

First Experiment Crystals: Cut a piece of black paper that will fit just right into your lid I will mix the water and salt and we will share the mixture Pour just enough into your lid to just cover the paper

Second experiment Fracture Wait for instructions

Third experiment Reactivity Pour a little vinegar into your glass Carefully place your shell in the glass and wait for the reaction

Tomorrow we need Baby jars Cotton string washers

On your own There are two ways that crystals can form Read about these in section 2 Write the process/definition and make a flow chart describing the process

Bellwork How do you think minerals are formed?

DLE DLE AluE AluE

Magma and Lava What is a Geode? Describe crystallization. What is Magma? What is Lava? Why do crystals form when magma cools rapidly? How do minerals form from magma and lava? Draw a picture to illustrate this

Solutions What is a solution? How are minerals formed form solutions? Draw a picture to illustrate this. How do minerals form by evaporation? Draw a picture to illustrate this. How do minerals form from hot water solutions? Draw a picture to illustrate this.