Pulmonary Disease ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 13-14

Fact or Myth?

ASTHMA & ANCIENT EGYPT

Cures For Asthma 3,400 B.C. Strammonium Flower 1 A.D. Smoking dried fox liver 1860 Talking Cure

ASTHMA ATTACKS

Levalbuterol

Restrictive v. Obstructive Lung Disease

Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Noted by impediments to normal movement of air through the conducting passageways of the respiratory tract Examples: Asthma: Increased contractability of smooth muscle surrounding conductive passageways. Common chronic inflammatory disease Bronchitis: Bacterial or environmental inflammation of mucous membranes of bronchi and bronchioles Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Persistent and cumulative breakdown of lung tissue. Condition couples the anatomical breakdown of lung tissue (emphysema) with physiological narrowing of asthma/bronchitis. Most commonly associated with smoking. 4 th leading cause of death worldwide Emphysema : Anatomical breakdown of lung tissue Epiglottitis: Bacterial infection of epiglottis, which can lead to a completely closed trachea

Restrictive Pulmonary Disease Def: Diseases that prevent lung expansion, reduce lung volume or demand increased work to allow ventilation Examples: Cystic Fibrosis: Genetic mutation that leads to excess mucus production in the lung and scarring/fibroids in the pancreas Mesothelioma: Tumor formation in the pleura, preventing inflation of the lung Pneumonia: Viral or bacterial disease that fills alveoli with fluid, hindering oxygenation Sarcoidosis: Autoimmune or environmentally-triggered disease leading to chronic formation of inflammatory cells (granulomas) in the lungs, reducing lung volume Tuberculosis: Bacterial disease leading to granuloma formation in lungs. Highly communicable.

Evaluation of Pulmonary Disease