Waste recycling and sustainable development in Qingdao Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences(CRAES) Meng Wei May, 2012

Main contents  Generation and recycling of solid waste in China  Waste recycling case study in Qingdao 2

General survey of cities in China Number of main cities in China:661 Urban population:0.69 billion, accounting for 51.27% Average GDP of urban people ： 5540 USD

Main types of solid waste in cities  Municipal solid waste  Industrial solid waste  Hazardous waste  Other solid waste (E-waste, Kitchen waste) 4

5 Quantity and fate of municipal solid waste (Cleaned and transported)

6 Yield and recycling rate of industrial solid waste

7 Yield and recycling rate of hazardous waste

Generation and fate of E-waste Main e-waste yield:4.5 million tons Main types: computers. TV, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, occupying for 98% Main fate ： selling to second hand dealer, turn in for new one, leaving unused and donation ×Million tons

General survey of the circular economy development in China  Key provinces and cities  10 provinces and cities (such as Shandong province, Liaoning Province and Jiangsu province) were chosen as the experimental units, including resource-based, resource- poor, and other types.  Industry parks  13 industry parks were chosen as the experimental units, including national and provincial development zones, heavy and chemical industries concentration zones, and agricultural demonstration zones.  Key industries of high-consuming and heavy-polluting  7 key industries were chosen, including steel, non-ferrous metals, coal, power, chemical, building materials, light industry; pilot job was carried out in 42 enterprises.  Key areas of resources recycling  4 key areas were chosen, including recycling network construction, waste metals recycling, e-waste recycling, and remanufacturing; pilot job was carried out in 17 enterprises.

Achievements of circular economy in China  Recycled industrial solid waste accounts for 67%, up to 1.6 billion tons per year; recycled hazardous waste accounts for 62%, up to 10 million tons per year.  0.34 billion tons of coal were saved by the implementation of 10 energy- saving key projects.  Coal consumption of power plant was reduced by 10.0%, from 370 g to 333 g coal per kilowatt-hour; energy consumption of steel plant was reduced by 12.8%, from 694 Kg to 605 Kg coal; energy consumption of cement plant was reduced by 24.6%.

Qingdao Located in the south of Shandong peninsula, bordered on the Yellow sea key port and tourist city Total area : 10,000 square kilometers, population: 8.6 million Home appliance, basic chemical industry, light industry, textiles, machinery manufacture are main industries It is inevitable to develop the resource circulation for sustainable development General survey of Qingdao

Frame system of circular economy development in Qingdao 12 Common technologies to develop circular economy in cities Renewable energy utilization Wastes recycling Sea water heat, wind energy, solar energy Recycling of coal ash and e- waste Information support Solid waste information exchange platform Engineering and technology Management and policy Recovery network Circular economy model Management policy Informationized eco- industrial park, vein industry park model E-waste recovery network Industry policy,economy policy legislation

Generation characters of industrial solid wastes in Qingdao  Large yield  Industrial solid wastes: million tons  Hazardous wastes:500.7thousand tons  Main types  Such as carbide slag, white mud and coal ash.  Closely related with the industry structure. ×10000 tons

Building materials production plant Coal ash PVC production plant Alkali production plant Huangdao power plant Carbide slag White mud Carbide slag Pyrite slag Cyanide residue Lead and zinc smelting plant Sulfuric acid plant Sulfur concentrate Gold smelting plant Newly increased production value annually :25 million USD; Energy consumption per unit product:0.086t standard coal per 10 thousand RMB, 93% decrease compared to the average level in China; SO2 emission reduction amount: 190t/a; COD emission reduction amount: 2t/a. Recycling of several typical solid waste 14 50,000 tons 140,000 tons 40,000 tons 100,000 tons 60,000 tons 25,000 tons

Supporting system speeding the recycling of solid waste –building the platform for waste information exchange 15

Recycling of solid waste from the communities (E-waste) 16

Fate of electronic waste in Qingdao

E-waste dismantling and recycling demonstration project  Implementation site: Qingdao Xintiandi Ecological Circular Tech. Co., Ltd  Processing capability :0.6 million per year  Economic benefit: production value up to 8 million USD per year  Society benefit: promoting the implementation of old for new policy 18

Fund mechanism of e-waste recycling Note ： Negative means not require subsidy 19

Vein industry park in Qingdao 20  Waste appliances and electronic products: 0.6 million/y  Waste cars: 25 thousand/y  Waste plastics: 80 thousand tons/y  Waste tyres: 30 thousand tons/y  Hazardous wastes: 80 thousand tons/y  Medical wastes: 8 thousand tons/y

Development of sea water heat resources in Qingdao 21 Total capacity potential is 900MW

Development and utilization of wind energy Wind energy utilization demonstration project in Huawei wind power plant 22  Wind energy density: 240.3w/m2  Average available time per year: 6485 hours

Development and utilization of solar energy  Solar energy demonstration projects were launched in Mo river park, and high-tech zone.  Environmental benefit: saved coal up to 0.45t/y, CO2 reduced up to 1.2t/y High Middle Low 23

,,, and other official files were issued successively to give tax preference to the projects regarding energy saving, and waste recycling. Policy system to promote the development of circular economy

 Industry structure analysis and resourcfulization potential evaluation are the basis for solid waste recycling  Comprehensive recycling of main industrial solid waste, such as carbide slag and white mud, was implemented in Qidao  Solid waste information exchange platform and E-waste recovery network were constructed, playing the important role in the circular economy development  Environmental safety in the resourcfulization process must be paid much attention Summary 25

Thank you for your attention! 26