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STANDARDIZATION Standardization is the process of establishing a technical standards which could be Standard specification, Standard test method, Standard definition, Standard procedure or practice, etc. By using standardization, provider and user can easily communicate through the set guidelines 3

FUNCTIONS OF STANDARDS Make the development, manufacturing and supply of products and services more efficient, safer and cleaner Facilitate trade between countries and make it fairer Provide governments with a technical base for health, safety and environmental legislation, and conformity assessment Share technological advances and good management practice Disseminate innovation Safeguard consumers, and users in general, of products and services Make life simpler by providing solutions to common problems 4

BENEFITS OF STANDARDS For businesses, the widespread adoption of International Standards means that suppliers can develop and offer products and services meeting specifications that have wide international acceptance in their sectors. Therefore, businesses using International Standards can compete on many more markets around the world. For innovators of new technologies, International Standards on aspects like terminology, compatibility and safety speed up the dissemination of innovations and their development into manufacturable and marketable products. For customers, the worldwide compatibility of technology which is achieved when products and services are based on International Standards gives them a broad choice of offers. They also benefit from the effects of competition among suppliers. 5

BENEFITS OF STANDARDS For governments, International Standards provide the technological and scientific bases underpinning health, safety and environmental legislation. For trade officials, International Standards create guideline for all competitors in the markets. The existence of divergent national or regional standards can create technical barriers to trade. International Standards are the technical means by which political trade agreements can be put into practice. For developing countries, International Standards that represent an international consensus on the state of the art are an important source of technological know- how. By defining the characteristics that products and services will be expected to meet on export markets, International Standards give developing countries a basis for making the right decisions when investing their scarce resources and thus avoid squandering them. 6

NONWOVEN 7 A nonwoven is a sheet of fibres, continuous filaments, of any nature or origin, that have been formed into a web and bonded together by mechanical, chemical or thermal means

NONWOVEN 8 Nonwovens have specific characteristics that allow them to deliver high- performance across a wide range of applications. Specific functions include: - absorbency, - liquid repellency, - resilience, - stretch, - softness, - strength, - flame retardancy, - washability (selective products), - cushioning,- filtering, - bacterial barrier and sterility The versatility of nonwovens means that they can provide innovative, cost-effective and sometimes unexpected answers to innumerable business challenges.

NONWOVEN 9 Specific properties can be achieved by selecting raw materials and methods or by applying finishing treatments to nonwovens, such as printing, embossing, molding, coating & laminating etc.

METHODOLOGY The development of STANDARDS is on going and long term process. The process will begin and proceed further with following steps: Identification of areas / properties to be standardizes: – The important feed back is from industries which are facing problems during day to day activity of manufacturing and trading nationally and internationally. This will directly help to concentrate particular area. – Comparing International Standards available, for evaluation of nonwoven fabric and products, of various organisation including INDA and EDANA with BIS will give detailed idea about absenteeism of standards available. – Feed back from TRAs, COEs and the organizations involved in research will give clear concept about requirement of standards for near future. 10

PROPERTIES IDENTIFIED 11 Absorption Repellency Nonwoven Absorption - Absorbency, Absorptive Capacity, Wicking Rate Water Resistance: Impact Penetration Test Nonwoven Absorption - Centrifuge Retention Capacity Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test Nonwoven Absorption - Absorption Under Pressure Surfaces and Biological Abrasion Resistance Colonies Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics - Taber Abrasion BEE (Bacterial Entrapment Efficiency) Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics - Martindale Abrasion (View test) Stiffness Bursting Strength Cantilever Diaphragm Method (Mullen) Tear Strength Ball Burst (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse) Elmendorf Ball Burst (Constant-Rate-of-Extension) Trapezoid Chemical Analysis Tongue Component Analysis Tensile Strength Moisture Grab Ash Seam Strength Image Analysis Strip Fiber diameter distribution Thickness Porosity, apertures and hole analysis Nonwovens Formation Analysis Weight Permeability Per Unit Area (Basis Weight) Air Permeability Coefficient of Friction Water Vapor Transmission Static and Kinetic Nonwoven Coverstock Liquid Strike-Through – Rate; Simulated Urine

AREAS TARGETED 12 Development of Standards for Nonwoven Fabric Development of Standards for Nonwoven Products Products Specifications

DRAFT FORMULATION 13 A committee comprising of 15 members with five experts from each of the following categories – Academicians, TRAs and COEs – Nonwovens fabric manufacturing Industry and – User / Converting industry Based on laboratory experimentations, test results, statistical evaluations, data collected; initial draft will be formulated and opened to industry, users and research organisation for feed back The nonwoven is basic technology used as intermediate product for various applications. Therefore, we expect the involvement of other COEs to achieve the targets. In due course of time with involvement and consultation / recommendation of BIS representative draft will be finalized for publication.

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