Recent development of tomato in Asia TBRT 6-8Feb2013, Chiangmai Narendra Singh

2 Asia – A diverse and geographically dispersed region  Tropical & subtropical (H&H and H&D) India, ASEAN, South China, Australia  Temperate (Cool to cold ) North China, Korea, Japan, Aust., NZ, Nth India  Wet (> 2,000 mm) to Dry (< 5mm)  Many languages & food habits & cultures  Rich to poor GDP per capita from € 0.5 k to € 27 k 5,000 km

3 Asia Fast growing Veg. mkt: 1.1 bn€ in 2011 to 1.5 bn € by 2015 Growth in JP/KR/AUS/NZ/TN is stable ~ 5-25% growth in other market SA&SEA total veg market is ~300 mn€ growing to 511 mn € by 2015 Market growth is ~ 20-45% in 5 years depends on countries Value addition by new traits OP to F1 conversion Vegetables in Asia

4 Originated in Peruvian & Mexican region Introduced to Philippines by Spanish & spread thru SA Domesticated in Asia and now is the biggest producer in the world Tomato rank no.1 with approx 14% of total Asia veg. market China stands no. 1 followed by JP,SA,KR, AU/NZ & ASEAN Ranks no.2 in SA&SEA after Onion with ~ 9-10% of total veg mkt. Tomatoes in Asia The tomato was introduced to cultivation in the Middle East/Asia by John Barker, British consul in Aleppo circa 1799 to [5][6] [5][6] SA&SEA vs Rest Asia

Top 5 Tomato producing countries & trends (Mio Mt.) FAO Stat.

6 Types of Tomato Developed & grown in Asia A. Indeterminate : ( contribute 71% of total tomato mkt) I.Pink >200g : JP,CN, KR,TW II.Red g I.Protect : JP, CN,KR,TW,ML II.Open Field : CN, AU III.Indet. Red g,OF : ID,IN,VN, MM IV.Cherry/Grape : 35-50g, Rd,Ovl. Growing with low rate because of fruit quality V.Small size ( 50-70g) : Stable, mainly in JP

7 B Determinate/ Semi Det.: ( contribute 29% of total tomato mkt) I.Det,90-100g,RD/SQR/SQ,Red ( H&H, H&D) : IN,ID,PH,TH,BD,PK II.Semi Det g,SQ/SQR (H&H, H&D) : IN, ID,VN,TH,MM III.Det/Semi Det Acid Tom,70-90g, Flat/DOB : India IV.Det/SD Pink 40-60g : Thailand Types of Tomato Developed & grown in Asia…..

8 Estimated seed mkt. Value and trend

Total market and trend as per growing culture 9Reference

10 OPF market value

11 Variety / Hybrid development High yield varieties Wide adaptation Hot & cold set Disease resistance Crop Management Nursery raising Agronomy Cultivation Practices Mulching, Pruning, Staking Irrigation & Fertigation Fruit Quality and Post harvest LSL/ Keeping quality Fruit colour Transportability Fruit Firmness Cracking Seed Production and Quality Seed Production Seed treatment Seed coating and Palleting Seed Germination Molecular Technolgy Gene sequencing Mol Markers Fingerprint QTL for polygenic traits Disease and Pest management Diagnositcs Screening technology IPM Fungicides & pesticides ☺ Development in Tomato

12 Concentrate on yield and agronomic traits Yield and adaptation to off season cultivation & start disease resistance with mild TY, Tm,V F2 Yield, adaptation, fruit quality, & Strong Ty resistance and other disease resistance ( BW, EB, LB, Mi,St ) Hybrid & Trait Development progression ● Introduction of Semi Det hybrid ● Long duration harvest hybrids ● Extend season Adapt to off season ● Mild Ty resistant ● High yield and better firmness ● BW tolerant ● Better Yield & Strong Ty resistant ● BW, TY, TM22, V,F2,Smt, EB, LB resistance ● Improve keeping quality, Firm & LDT ● F1 conversion faster ● Enhance use of Markers ● Det/Indet op variety ● Introduction of hybrid ● Short duration harvest varieties ● Adapted in normal growing season ( winter or Rainy) ● Grown mainly without staked ● Poor keeping quality & less firm, no disease resistance ● Low yield (10-15T/Ha) ● Det/Indet op variety ● Introduction of hybrid ● Short duration harvest varieties ● Adapted in normal growing season ( winter or Rainy) ● Grown mainly without staked ● Poor keeping quality & less firm, no disease resistance ● Low yield (10-15T/Ha) <1990

13 Advances in young plant raising

14 Advances in cultivation practices Sunny Green house Tomato under Plastic house Without staked staked Drip irrigation Polu Mulch & Drip irrigation Where there is will there is Tomato

15 TOMATO Diseases and its spread N N N Bacterial Wilt (BW) Early Blight (EB) Late Blight (LB) Begomovirus Gray Leaf Spot Fusarium wilt (FW) Tospovirus Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Nematode Diseases list N Remark; = new emergence since 2008 N N CMV-subgroup II Powdery mildew Verticillium Bacterial leaf spot

16 TYLCV Resistant Varieties & screening LB screening PM screening Advances in disease screening

17 Bacterial Wilt screening & resistant hybrids

18 Advances in packing and transportation

19 Key Challenges....  Yield, Yield and high Yield  Multiple disease resistance with better fruit quality  Hot and cold set with fruit quality  Strong BW,TY,EB &LB with fruit quality for both Det & Indet  Better resistance source for TY, BW, LB  Resistance source for emerging diseases & races ( TOSPO,CMV,..)  Screening protocols and Year round screening  Molecular markers for polygenic traits  Agronomic practices & ( fertilizer, irrigation, spacing). Technical know how to grow in Protected culture  Seed production and seed quality  Post harvest technology  Quality & disease free seed production  Yield, Yield and high Yield  Multiple disease resistance with better fruit quality  Hot and cold set with fruit quality  Strong BW,TY,EB &LB with fruit quality for both Det & Indet  Better resistance source for TY, BW, LB  Resistance source for emerging diseases & races ( TOSPO,CMV,..)  Screening protocols and Year round screening  Molecular markers for polygenic traits  Agronomic practices & ( fertilizer, irrigation, spacing). Technical know how to grow in Protected culture  Seed production and seed quality  Post harvest technology  Quality & disease free seed production

20 Thanks