The odd ones out

PlantaeAnimalia  Cell Walls (cellulose)  Cuticles  Photosynthesis  Reproduction (2 life stages)  No Cell Wall!  Consumers  Movement  Specialized Parts  Sexual Reproduction (mostly)

 Cell Walls  Heterotrophs  Secret Lives  Spores

 Cell Walls  Made of Chitin  Same substance that arthropods use for their exoskeletons

 Heterotrophs  No Chloroplast so they have to consume others  They either live next to, on or in their food  They are either decomposers, parasites or live in mutualism with another organism When a fungus lives in the roots of plants helping the plant to get nutrients and getting food back it is called a mycorrhiza

 Secret Lives  Majority of a fungus lives below the surface either the dirt or the organism it is on  Their cells are grouped in chains called Hyphae  Hyphae usually grow close to each other in a tangle called mycelium

 Spores  Fungi can reproduce asexually and sexually  Asexual Reproduction in Fungi  Broken pieces can grow into new fungi  Can send out spores that wait until right conditions to grow  Sexual Reproduction in Fungi  Grow structures that send out Sexual spores, they fertilize and then grow when the conditions are right

 Fungi are classified based  Shape  How they reproduce

 Threadlike Fungi  Shape Parts of the hyphae grow out of the ground  How they reproduce Asexually: form sporangia that releases spores Sexually: two hyphae meet form different sporangia

 Sac Fungi  Shape No signature shape  How they reproduce Asexually: Most of the time, Yeast do budding leaving scars Sexually: Form sacs called ascus

 Club Fungi  Shape Grows club shaped basidia  How they reproduce Asexually: N/A Sexually: Basidia

 Imperfect Fungi  Shape No pattern  How they reproduce Asexually: No pattern Sexually: N/A

PlantaeAnimalia  Cell Walls (cellulose)  Cuticles  Photosyn- thesis  Reproduc- tion (2 life stages)  No Cell Wall!  Consumer  Movement  Specializ- ed Parts  Sexual Reproduc- tion (mostly)  Cell Walls (Chitin)  Heterotro- phs  Secret Lives  Spores Fungi

 Defined more by what they are not, than what they are.  Protista have only two traits that they all share; Eukaryotic, and no specialized tissue

ProducerConsumer  Have Chloroplasts  Undergo Photosynthesis  Autotroph (self-feed)  Some are consumers like animals  Decomposers  Parasites feeding on a Host  Heterotroph(different feed)

 Asexual Reproduction  Divide the parent cell to make identical offspring  Called “fission”  Binary fission makes two copies  Multiple fission more than two copies

 Sexual Reproduction  No set pattern

 Reproductive Cycles  Protist reproduces after significant events  Lots of variety  Example: Protist lives in one form in mosquito is transferred to a host where it reproduces into another form, then transferred back to a mosquito

 Broken down into three groups  Protist Producers  Heterotrophs that can move  Heterotrophs that can’t move

 Red Algae  Producer  Chlorophyll with red pigment  Most common seaweed – grows in the Tropics at deep depths

 Green Algae  Producer  Chlorophyll  Most Diverse group of Protist Producers

 Brown Algae  Producer  Chlorophyll with yellow brown pigment  Seaweed in cooler climates  Can grow up to 60 m in one growing season

 Diatoms  Producer  Chlorophyll  Large portion of Phytoplankton  Have 2-part glass like shell made of Silica  Come in various shapes

 Dinoflagellates  Producer - Sometimes  Chlorophyll – Sometimes  Some live in fresh water, some Salt water, some in SNOW!  Have two flagella

 Euglenoids  Producer - sometimes  Chlorophyll – sometimes  When food is scarce all of them become heterotrophs  Live in freshwater and move with a flagella

 Amoebas  Consumer or Parasites  Fresh and salt water  Move using pseudopodia (false feet)

 Shelled Amoeba- Like  Consumer  Fresh and salt water  Have an outer shell  Poke psuedopod out of pores in the shell

 Zooflagellates  Consumer or Parasites  Move by waving flagella back and forth

 Cilliates  Consumer  Thousands of Cilia(hair-like structures)  Cilia push food toward the mouth and make it swim

 Spore-Forming Protist  Consumer Many parasites  No Cilia/Flagella  Have complicated life-cycles (2 hosts usually)

 Water Molds  Consumer some decomposers most parasites

 Slime Molds  Consumer  Can move in some life stages  Grow as long as food and water is available  Some become large cells with many nuclei up to 1 m across  Reproduce by growing stalks that release spores

 Is a combination of fungus and algae  Alga lives inside the fungus  Such a close and dependant life cycle that they are considered one organism  Producers  Fungi cell walls protect alga and keep in water  Very sensitive to air pollution