® Geographic Databases : Regional & Global Initiatives Henry Tom Oracle Corporation Meeting on Cartography and Geographic Information Science UN Headquarters, New York, March 28-30, 2000

Presentation Outline The Spatial Perspective Spatial Data Infrastructures The Way Forward

® Leverage Oracle8i for Spatially Enabled Internet Applications The Spatial Perspective

Geographic Spatial Geospatial Maps Satellite Imagery Spatial Data GPS Location - geographic coordinates

Location - without geographic coordinates Place names United States United Nations HQ New York City East Coast Address & Phone Books Addresses Geo-codes United States US New York Data social economic demographic Spatial Data

schools Location based data Enterprise Databases TypeOccupants Address City ZIP State Elementary 1002 Apple StreetMayberry NC Middle Elm StreetBethesda MD High Main StreetHerndon VA College College DriveRockville MD Spatial Data

Spatial Trends Time Spatial Development Traditional Geography / Cartography Spatially Enabled Society Geographic Information Systems ( GIS ) Computer / Automated Cartography Location based Services & solutions Spatially Enabled Databases Global Spatial Data Infrastructure

® Leverage Oracle8i for Spatially Enabled Internet Applications Spatial Data Infrastructures

Spatial Data Infrastructures ( SDI ) Characteristics Growing user community for spatial data Transition from maps to spatial databases Coordinated approach for access to spatial data & technology

Spatial Data Infrastructures ( SDI ) National ( NSDI ) Regional ( RSDI ) Global ( GSDI ) Levels

Regional National Regional Local Global Spatial Data Infrastructures

Spatial Data Infrastructures ( SDI ) Components Data Policy Institutional Framework Technology Standards

National Spatial Data Infrastructure ®

Antarctica Hungary Northern Ireland Argentina India Norway Australia Indonesia Pakistan Canada Japan Poland Colombia Kiribati Russian Federation Cyprus Macau South Africa Finland MalaysiaSweden France Mexico United Kingdom Germany NetherlandsUSA Greece New Zealand etc.. National Spatial Data Infrastructures by Country

Regional Spatial Data Infrastructures ®

European Geographic Information Infrastructure ( EGII ) Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for the Americas Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Africa

United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for Asia and the Pacific ( Beijing, 1994 ) Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for the Americas, June 2-6, 1997, New York, NY Permanent Committee for Spatial Data Infrastructures for the Americas ( February, 2000 ) Regional Spatial Data Infrastructures

Global Spatial Data Infrastructure ®

United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for Asia and the Pacific February 3-7, 1997 Bangkok, Thailand United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for the Americas, June 2-6, 1997, New York, NY Strategic Direction - Spatial Data Infrastructures form the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Global Spatial Data Infrastructure

GSDI - 1 September 4-6, 1996 Bonn, Germany GSDI - 2 October 19-21, 1997 Chapel Hill, NC USA GSDI - 3 November 16-18, 1998 Canberra, Australia GSDI - 4 March 13-15, 2000 CapeTown, South Africa GSDI - 5 May 24-25, 2001 Cartagena, Colombia

Global Data Sets Global Mapping Secretariat - Japan GSDI Implementation Global Spatial Data Infrastructure ( GSDI )

GSDI Implementation Internet Virtual Database Global Spatial Data Infrastructure ( GSDI )

® Leverage Oracle8i for Spatially Enabled Internet Applications The Way Forward

® Leverage Oracle8i for Spatially Enabled Internet Applications Sources of Geographic Databases

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ( SRTM) Miquelon & Saint Pierre Islands

MEGRIN MEGRIN - Multipurpose European Ground Related Information Network it is a European network of geographical referenced information for use in many diverse applications. SABE Seamless Administrative Boundaries of Europe ( 26 countries )

Digital Earth Initiative digitalearth.gov

US NDSI Clearinghouse Growth

US NSDI Clearinghouse Nodes

The objectives of the FAO-AFRICOVER project are to establish a digital geo-referenced database on land-cover, and a geographic referential (geodesy, toponymy, roads, hydrography) at a 1:250,000 / 1:200,000 scale, for the whole Africa. This base will also be generalized at the 1:1,000,000 scale. A further objective of AFRICOVER is to reinforce and to build up the national and sub-regional capacities for the establishment, update, and operational use of the geographic referential and the geodatabases. FAO-AFRICOVER Project

UN Geographic Database Sources Global Resource Information Database ( GRID ) United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names Commission on Sustainable Development etc …

Multi-national banks - Database Sources World Bank Inter-American Development Bank International Monetary Fund Asian Development Bank etc …

® Leverage Oracle8i for Spatially Enabled Internet Applications Technical Considerations

WG 1 United States of America ISO/TC 211 Chairman and Secretariat Chairman : Olaf Østensen, Norwegian Mapping Authority Secretary : Bjørnhild Sæterøy, Norwegian Technology Standards Institution NTS ISO/TC 211 Geographic information/ Geomatics ISO/TC 211 will develop a family of standards : ISO series ISO series

TC 211 Schedule

ISO / TC 211 WEB Address WWW Secretariat Secretariat Organization Organization Calendar Calendar About... About... Resolutions Resolutions Document list Document list Scope / work programme Scope / work programme Mail to secretariat Mail to secretariat News and information News and information Presentations (slides) Presentations (slides) containing containing :

Open GIS Consortium ( OGC ) Industry Government OGC Staff Academia Vendors Standards Groups

ISO/TC 211 OGC Coordination Group TOCG WEB Mapping Testbed Open GIS Consortium ( OGC )

Geographic Databases Lots of existing sources Coordination United Nations Global Spatial Data Infrastructure

United Nations Coordination UN Geographic Database Project : establishes a UN spatial data infrastructure Geographic Information Working Group - Administrative Committee on Coordination / Consultative Committee on Programme and Operational Questions,

Institutional Considerations Global Spatial Data Infrastructure ( GSDI ) [ ] UN Regional Cartographic Conferences Permanent Committees ( regional ) Non governmental organizations & industry

Global coordination of geographic databases Henry Tom Oracle Corporation 1910 Oracle Way MS 5049 Reston, VA USA FAX Discussion