1 TECI Jointness in Homeland Security

2 TECI Jointness between Government Agencies is hard. However, during the second "Intifada", National Security Agencies had no alternative but to cooperate. Those models were so successful untill they become part of the organizations DNA.

3 TECI Jointness with the Public Community Policing was developed in most western countries as a result of the alienation between the police and civilians. That is not the situation in Israel

4 TECI It is not that the Israeli people appreciate police activities, like fighting crime and keeping order, any more than in other democracies. The reason is completely different!

5 TECI What the Israeli people do appreciate is the police work in the field of homeland security

6 TECI Security is the one issue that unites citizens in a country that is still fighting for its existence

7 TECI We see the struggle for power in the field of Homeland security Security problems were mainly concentrated at the borders until But since 1974, the civilian population became a target

8 TECI The terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich 11 members of the Israeli Olympic team, were taken hostage, and eventually killed.

9 TECI Israel Police is preparing itself to a new reality It establishes the Yamam – the Israel's Counter- Terrorism Unit (one of the best in the world).

10 TECI Smartly, they prepared themselves to the day that the question will be asked: Till then, only the army had a unit tat can handle a terrorism attack - Sayeret Matkal (General Staff Reconnaissance Unit). “Who will be responsible for Homeland Security?

11 TECI “Sayeret Matkal” was the unit that rescue the hostages from Entebbe in July 1976

12 TECI Why Israel need another unit? “Everything you can do I can do better…” – this is the struggle for power! Demonstration 2

13 TECI It took time until the Yamam earned its status There were two bus hijackings by terrorists - in and In 1984, the army decided to give the Job to “Sayeret Matkal”. The result: a civilian was killed during the takeover!

14 TECI In 1988 the military was concerned of the responsibility The army commander gave the job to the Yamam & they did a perfect job!

15 TECI In Bureaucratic organizations, the right things usually occur for the wrong reasons!

16 TECI By the way, Few years ago, The Prison Service did the same thing. This is a way to earn power and respect from Shaback, that need these those units to work with him on an ongoing basis in the Palestinian cities!

17 TECI May 1974: Terror Strikes! 22 boys and girls were killed in Ma’alot (near the northern border) in a failed rescue operation conducted by the army, after a terrorist group held children hostages in their school

18 TECI An Opportunity for the Police! he IDF's failure was a great opportunity for the police to get responsibility over “Homeland Security”

19 TECI Police officials had no prior knowledge in the field. They had to "create" their own knowledge! These are often the situations, in which organizations need a partnership with the public.

20 TECI 20 Police commanders, very wisely, chose two community models of maintaining security: The Bomb Squad Div. & The Civil Guard

21 TECI 1. The Civil Guard – Operating volunteers

22 TECI 2. The Bomb Squad Div. – The best community model of all!

23 TECI In the seventies terrorists used to hide bombs in bags and leave them in crowded places 23

24 TECI Partnership with: The Public; Civilian security officers in different organizations;

25 TECI mutual trust! 25 The Bomb Squad Div. can only be effective if citizens locate these bombs, clear the crowd, contact authorities and allow a sapper to defuse the bomb safely 11 A police’s poster from the seventies asking citizens for help

26 TECI This is an equal partnership: One policeman is doing his job & everybody helps… 26

27 TECI … based on: Information gathering & Sharing information; Joint training; A “big head” cop, that has all the knowledge he needs, & is more important then his commanders!

28 TECI It's very similar to the “McDonald's client ‘education’ system” The ability to hold only a small number of workers, after creating an environment that customers are cleaning up after themselves! 11

29 TECI Public trust has deepened after the development of social networking

30 TECI Internet communications during an emergency event, is Less fragile than any other media 2011: The largest earthquake in Japan - traditional communication systems collapsed as a result of damage to infrastructure. The Internet and social networks have become Japan’s dominant media during and after the disaster.

31 TECI Only few years ago, Organizations have used the networks in an emergency, without realizing the full potential of networking. It was only a one-way transfer of information, ignoring the interactive potential that exists in them.

32 TECI And now – an interactive dialogue in real time!

33 TECI Thanks to the good connectivity with the people There were almost no casualties from the missile strikes in the last war!

34 TECI Jointness with other Security Agencies It is much harder than with the public! The struggle over power… remember?

35 TECI Is Jointness Possible with all these? “Shaback” Prime Minister Office IDF Security Office The Home Front Command Police Public Security Office Fire & Rescue Services MDA Health Office

36 TECI Until 2000 there was no Jointness at all! 36 Only selfishness and a struggle on power…

37 TECI No connection between the police & “Shaback” in the field level! They shared information & knowledge through the headquarters organizations. The process took time & not all knowledge and information passed!

38 TECI In 2000, the second intifada broke out Its main characteristic was the suicide bombers, who blew themselves up in Israel cities!

39 TECI There was no time for the usual procedure From the moment Shabak knew about a bomber, he usually had less than an hour to stop him! Palestinian Cities (Army responsibility) Jewish Cities (Police responsibility)

40 TECI There The situation - that a bomber managed to explode because the information was not transmitted to the army and the police on time – was dangerous to the Shaback commanders.

41 TECI In Bureaucratic organizations, the right things usually occur for the wrong reasons!

42 TECI This is the reason why… 42 Since 9/11, the security organizations in the Western world, including Israel, actually lead in Jointness

43 TECI The result was a great success! The heads of the “Shaback”, the IDF and the Police realized that Jointness makes them more powerful, & Jointness has become a part of their DNA

44 TECI They began to seek partners for any complex task

45 TECI Another Jointness Model Terrorists’ targeted killing from the air became the most effective weapon tool against terrorists, after Hamas took Gaza by force in June 2007

46 TECI “Shaback” proposed IDF & the Air Force to establish a joint “Fire Center” in the IDF Southern Command. Direct Information was handled in real time; and again’ The result was a big success to all agencies.

47 TECI Recovering from surprise

48 TECI The working connections are the Immune System of the organization… remember? … because, self-organization is the best ways to recover from surprises!

49 TECI Surprise Surprise: the emergence is different than the expectations Expecting “more of the same” shock The result: shock, paralysis and loss of direction. System drifts into chaos Beginning of the recovery Beginning of recovery at the field level. Leaders still in shock Slow recovery The system is expecting a familiar event, that she knows to deal with, using existing tools Typical pattern of surprises:

50 TECI The Yom Kippur War

51 TECI Last winter snowstorm in Jerusalem

52 TECI Jointness with the Public One measure of the success of the collaboration is the love of the public! But, there is also a downside: it allows Security Organizations to avoid needed reforms…

53 TECI For example: Each time criticism on police-work increases – a security crisis returns public sympathy to the police… 53

54 TECI I hope I was helpful ! 54