Muscles of posterior compartment of forearm

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Presentation transcript:

Muscles of posterior compartment of forearm D.Rania Gabr D.Sama

Post. Forearm A: Extensor Digitorum B: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris C: Brachio Radialis D: Biceps Brachii E: Triceps F: Extensor Retinaculum

Muscles of the posterior compartment Arranged In two layers: 1- A superficial layer 2- A deep layer.

Superficial Group Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Anconeus Common origin from the supracondylar ridge and lateral epicondyle of the humerus Except for the brachioradialis and anconeus, extend as tendons into the hand.

Deep Group Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis Longus Extensor indicis Except for the supinator muscle, all these deep layer muscles originate from the posterior surfaces of the radius, ulna, and interosseous membrane and pass into the thumb and fingers.

Superficial Group Brachioradialis Lower 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus Styloid process of the radius Nerve supply: radial nerve. Action: flexion of elbow in midprone position Pronation and supination

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Lower 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Lateral epicondyle of humerus Base of 2nd metacarpal (dorsal surface) Nerve supply: radial nerve. Action: extension and abduction of wrist. Extension of elbow

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Lateral epicondyle of humerus Base of 3rd metacarpal (dorsal surface) Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension and abduction of wrist. Extension of elbow

Extensor Digitorum Lateral epicondyle of humerus 4 tendons to bases of middle & distal phalanges of the 4 fingers Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension of wrist and fingers.

Extensor Digiti Minimi Lateral epicondyle of humerus Base of middle & distal phalanxes of 5th phalange Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension of wrist and little finger.

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Lateral epicondyle of humerus Base of 5th metacarpal Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension and adduction of wrist

Anconeus Lateral epicondyle of humerus posterolateral surface of olecranon process of ulna Nerve supply: Radial nerve. Action: extension of elbow

ECRL

Extensor Digitorum

Deep Group Supinator from lateral surface of olecranon, lateral epicondyle posterior and lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radius Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: supination of forearm

Abductor Pollicis Longus Posterior aspect of radius Midshaft of ulna Base of 1st metacarpal Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: abduction of wrist and thumb

Extensor Pollicis Brevis Posterior surface of lower middle radius Base of proximal phalanx of thumb Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension of wrist and proximal joint of thumb

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Extensor Pollicis Longus Posterior lateral surface of lower middle ulna Base of distal phalanx of thumb Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension of wrist and thumb

Extensor Indicis Middle to distal 1/3 of posterior ulna Base of middle & distal phalanxes of index Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve. Action: extension of wrist and index

Extensor Pollicis Longus

POSTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS NERVE Branch of radial nerve Enters back between sup. &deep fibres of supinator Runs on post surface of interrosseous memb up to wrist Branches: A: Muscular B: Articular C: Sensory

EXTENSOR COMPARTMENT :NERVE SUPPLY Anconeus Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor indicis Extensor carpi ulnaris Aconeus Brachioradialis ECRL Radial nerve ECRB ED EDM ECU S APL EPB EPL EI Posterior interosseous nerve

APPLIED ANATOMY WRIST DROP: Injury to radial nerve above the origin of post interosseous nerve Paralysis of extensor muscles of forearm If deep branch of radial nerve is damaged Ext carpi radialis longus and brevis are spared wrist drop is absent

ARTERIES AND VEINS

Blood supply of the posterior compartment 1-Radial artery 2-Posterior interosseous artery origin: common interosseous branch of the ulnar artery recurrent interosseous artery End by joining to dorsal carpal arch of the wrist 3-Anterior interosseous artery

Posterior interosseous artery Branch of Common interosseous artery Gives recurrent interosseous artery. Terminates by joining dorsal carpal arch of wrist.

ANTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS ARTERY Branch of the common interosseous artery.

VEINS Deep veins of the posterior compartment generally accompany the arteries. They ultimately drain into brachial veins associated with the brachial artery in the cubital fossa.

Muscles of the Forearm Post View Origin :Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna Action Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation Innervation Radial nerve (C7, C8 and T1) Anconeus Origin :Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna Action Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation Innervation Radial nerve (C7, C8 and T1) Arterial Supply Middle collateral branch of deep brachial artery Recurrent interosseous artery Radial nerve innervates the BEST.  Brachioradialis  Extensors  Supinator  Triceps

Deep posterior compartment. - abductor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis brevis - extensor pollicis longus - extensor indicis - supinator Functional organization: extend hand at wrist extend / abduct thumb extend index finger supinate abductor pollucis longus extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis

Deep Dissection Forearm Post Ant

Quiz 12. Pronator Teres 13. Flexor carpi radialis: 14. Flexor Digitorum: 15. Extensor carpi ulnaris: 16. Extensor digitorum: 17. Extensor carpi radialis:

Common Extensor Origin Flexor Origin